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Erschienen in: Landscape and Ecological Engineering 2/2017

03.01.2017 | Original Paper

Landscape dynamics and driving forces of wetlands in the Tumen River Basin of China over the past 50 years

verfasst von: Xiao Jun Zheng, Peng Sun, Wei Hong Zhu, Zhen Xu, Jing Fu, Wei Dong Man, Hai Long Li, Jian Zhang, Lei Qin

Erschienen in: Landscape and Ecological Engineering | Ausgabe 2/2017

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Abstract

Human activity together with climatic changes have resulted in the substantial loss of wetlands in the Tumen River Basin of China in the past five decades. In this study, the landscape dynamics of wetlands upstream, midstream and downstream of the Tumen River Basin from 1960 to 2009 were investigated using remote sensing and geographic information systems. Analytical methods, such as dynamic degree, transfer matrix and indices, e.g., patch number (NP), area percentage of landscape patches, mean patch size, patch density, Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), and Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI), were utilized to describe the landscape dynamics. The results showed that over the past 50 years, human-made wetlands, including paddy fields and reservoirs, increased, whereas natural wetlands, including marshes, lakes and rivers, decreased. In the study period, a large number of natural wetlands were converted by humans into other types of wetlands and non-wetlands. For wetland landscape changes, the NP, landscape fragmentation index, and SHEI increased, whereas the average patch area and SHDI decreased. In addition, we found that human factors were the main driving forces for the reduction of natural wetlands in this area, among which agricultural activities had the strongest impact. Great losses of natural wetlands have led to ecological problems in the region, such as a decline in biodiversity and soil degradation.

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Metadaten
Titel
Landscape dynamics and driving forces of wetlands in the Tumen River Basin of China over the past 50 years
verfasst von
Xiao Jun Zheng
Peng Sun
Wei Hong Zhu
Zhen Xu
Jing Fu
Wei Dong Man
Hai Long Li
Jian Zhang
Lei Qin
Publikationsdatum
03.01.2017
Verlag
Springer Japan
Erschienen in
Landscape and Ecological Engineering / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1860-1871
Elektronische ISSN: 1860-188X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-016-0304-8

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