Landscape Resilience

Basics, Case Studies, Practical Recommendations

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Catrin Schmidt

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book explains what makes landscapes resilient. Why are some landscapes able to recover quickly from disruptive events or crises, while others are completely thrown off balance for the foreseeable future? The author sets out in search of the influencing factors and conditional structures of landscape resilience and not only evaluates the current state of the art, but also explores landscapes around the globe that could not be more contrasting: from arid agricultural landscapes to boreal forest landscapes, from atolls to saline landscapes, from terraced landscapes to cities. Just as diverse as the landscape types are the factors considered that can put landscapes under stress. However diverse the case studies are in detail, their fascinating mosaic shows at the same time that there are overarching principles that can be used to increase the resilience of landscapes in a targeted way, so that landscapes emerge from crises strengthened rather than weakened.
This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Landschaftliche Resilienz by Catrin Schmidt, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

1. Starting Points

Abstract

The term resilience is used in a wide range of disciplines. Let us therefore begin with a goal-oriented evaluation of the current scientific literature and an introductory clarification of key technical terms in this book. Landscapes have the specific characteristic of being highly dynamic. Against this background, three case studies will illustrate the adaptive cycle according to Holling et al. (2002) and at the same time explore the question of when one can speak of landscape resilience at all. As a result, criteria will be derived that will form the basis of further landscape explorations.

Catrin Schmidt

2. Levels of Landscape Resilience

Abstract

In the second chapter, the levels of landscape resilience are presented and explained: The given resilience describes the natural initial conditions of a landscape. Acquired resilience represents the result of society’s interaction with the baseline conditions and landscape change. Case studies such as the boreal forest landscapes of western Canada or reef landscapes of the Red Sea and the Caribbean show that the current agglomeration of different disturbance factors increases the risk of crossing the tipping point. Case studies such as the arid agricultural landscapes of Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley, and Easter Island, on the other hand, illustrate how serious the consequences of such a transgression are.

Catrin Schmidt

3. Factors Influencing Landscape Resilience

Abstract

This chapter identifies and discusses possible factors influencing the conditions for landscape resilience. It is assumed that resilience does not result from an either-or situation, but rather from the interlinking of various factors to form the largest possible “safety net”, and that each of the six influencing factors introduced in the chapter therefore has an antagonism. The aim is to find a landscape-specific balance between the poles. On this basis, the model approach distinguishes between three principles of landscape resilience. While the influencing factors in the model approach can be found both at the physical-material level and at the actor and action level of the landscape, catalysts at the action level alone favour the development of landscape resilience.

Catrin Schmidt

4. Landscape Explorations Between Given and Acquired Resilience

Abstract

This chapter presents a series of case studies from around the globe. These either take two landscapes of the same type and thus comparable given resilience and discuss which strategies were used to acquire or not acquire additional resilience. Alternatively, one and the same disturbance factor (e.g., storm events, bioinvasions, etc.) is taken as a starting point and, in the case of landscapes of completely different types, it is discussed which conditional structures influence the resilience of the respective landscapes. At the same time, the levels, criteria, influencing factors and principles of landscape resilience introduced in the previous chapters are critically examined.

Let us take different types of landscape, but also different types of disturbing influences, and see what significance the given and acquired resilience has in them and which of the influencing factors (and catalysts) shown are decisive for this. The diversity of landscapes in our world means that the following descriptions cannot and will not presume to consider a representative cross-section of landscapes. They remain landscape highlights, but always with a close connection to resilience.

Catrin Schmidt

5. Landscape Resilience: Conclusions

Abstract

This chapter summarizes the findings from the case studies. First, conclusions are drawn at the theoretical level with regard to the resilience of landscape systems. Planning implications are then highlighted: How can the findings be used and made fruitful in landscape planning in Germany?

Let us try to summarize the findings from the case studies. Despite all the differences in the landscapes and disruptive factors considered, what do we find again and again? Which of the initial assumptions have proven to be on target, where are re-sharpenings or modifications appropriate? In the following, a distinction will be made between a summary that focuses on landscape systems in general and some resulting impulses for planning practice.

Catrin Schmidt

Backmatter

Titel: Landscape Resilience
verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Catrin Schmidt
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-63998-6
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-63997-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63998-6