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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Legal System of Natural Resources Protection in China: GATT 20 and China’s Export Limits on Resources

verfasst von : Jingdong Liu

Erschienen in: Emerging Issues in Sustainable Development

Verlag: Springer Japan

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Abstract

China has recently entered into a new period of development of laws dealing with the use and conservation of natural resources. The Chinese Constitution provides an essential framework for the conservation of natural resources, but protection of ecological values is largely lacking. All natural resources in China are either owned by the state or are collectively owned. China largely lacks a comprehensive legal regime to protect and conserve natural resources. Under Chinese law permission to utilize natural resources depends upon permission from state authorities. The decision of the WTO Appellate Body that interprets China’s WTO Accession Protocol to exclude the application of WTO Article XX general exceptions protecting the environment is wrong and unfair.

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Fußnoten
1
Reports of the Panel, China-Raw Materials, para. 7.117.
 
2
Reports of the Panel, China-AV, paras 4.434–35, 7.739, 5.9–5.10, 5.27.
 
3
Panel Reports, China-Measures related to the exportation of various raw materials, WT/DS394/R/WT/DS395/R/WT/DS398, (Panel Reports), para. 7.XII4, para. 7. XII6–7.XII9.
 
4
Panel report, China- Raw materials, para. 7. 129.
 
5
Panel report, China- Raw materials, para. 7.159.
 
6
Matthew Kennedy,‘The Integration of Accession Protocols into the WTO Agreement.’ Journal of World Trade 47, no. 1 (2013):p. 45.
 
7
Elisa Baroncini, ‘The China-Rare Earths WTO Dispute: A Precious Chance to Revise the China-Raw Materials Conclusions on the Applicability of GATT provision XX to China’s WTO Accession Protocol.’ Cuadernos de Derecho Transnacional (Octubre 2012), Vol. 4, N° 2, pp. 58–59.
 
8
Matthew Kennedy, ‘The Integration of Accession Protocols into the WTO Agreement.’ Journal of World Trade, Vol. 47, No. 1 (2013): pp. 64–66.
 
9
Ibid. p. 75.
 
10
Mitali Tyagi, “Flesh on a legal fiction: Early practice in the WTO accession protocol,” Journal of International Economic Law 15(2), p. 398. Professor Charnovitz also once pointed out“Before one jumps to the conclusion that any such agreement (with the WTO) is necessarily enforceable in the DSU, one should consider the implications of saying that the WTO Ministerial Council has authority to enter into an agreement with any other subject of international law (e.g., the United Nations) and then by joint consent use the DSB to resolve disputes. In my view, it will be important for the WTO judicature to justify enforceability in a way that does not have negative unintended consequences for the WTO.” Steve Charnovitz, ‘MAPPING THE LAW OF WTOACCESSION’, p. 79, The George Washington University Law School, Public Law And Legal Theory Working Paper No. 237, Legal Studies Research Paper No. 237.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Baroncini, E. (2012). The China-rare earths WTO dispute: A precious chance to revise the China-raw materials conclusions on the applicability of GATT provision XX to China’s WTO accession protocol. Cuadernos de Derecho Transnacional, 4(2), 49–69. Baroncini, E. (2012). The China-rare earths WTO dispute: A precious chance to revise the China-raw materials conclusions on the applicability of GATT provision XX to China’s WTO accession protocol. Cuadernos de Derecho Transnacional, 4(2), 49–69.
Zurück zum Zitat Kennedy, M. (2013). The integration of accession protocols into the WTO agreement. Journal of World Trade, 47(1), 45–75. Kennedy, M. (2013). The integration of accession protocols into the WTO agreement. Journal of World Trade, 47(1), 45–75.
Zurück zum Zitat Tyagi, M. (2012). Flesh on a legal fiction: Early practice in the WTO accession protocols. Journal of International Economic Law, 15(2), 391–441.CrossRef Tyagi, M. (2012). Flesh on a legal fiction: Early practice in the WTO accession protocols. Journal of International Economic Law, 15(2), 391–441.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Legal System of Natural Resources Protection in China: GATT 20 and China’s Export Limits on Resources
verfasst von
Jingdong Liu
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Japan
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56426-3_2