Regular ArticleThe Organization of the Living: A Theory of the Living Organization☆
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Neurophysiology of cognition
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2020, Journal of Chiropractic HumanitiesCitation Excerpt :a unity realized through a closed organization of production processes such that (a) the same organization of processes is generated through the interaction of their own products (components), and (b) a topological boundary emerges as a result of the same constitutive process.144 Maturana proposed autonomy as a fundamental feature characterizing living systems and emphasized the nervous system as both a “component subsystem in an autopoietic unity” and integral to the “structural coupling” necessary to build language and express identity.144 Building on this theory, Maturana and Varela attempted to “conquer the dualistic gap between objects and perceivers, or things and subjects, that [had] haunted philosophy since early modern time.”145
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2020, Journal of Theoretical BiologyCitation Excerpt :This means that life has evolved mechanisms for the generation, maintenance, and repair of Markov blankets. A system endowed with such mechanisms connotes an autopoietic organisation that autonomously assembles its own components; in particular its boundaries, (Maturana, 1974; Varela et al., 1974). This autonomy does not imply isolation from the environment, which – on a thermodynamic account – is needed to provide energy (Whitesides, 2002).
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2018, Cognitive Systems ResearchCitation Excerpt :Instead, I found funds to invite him to a conference on Biologically Motivated Automata Theory in MacLean Virginia, that I organized for June 1974. In the first day or two at my home in Amherst, Humberto was in a distressed state from the situation in Chile, but by the time we got to MacLean he had “thawed” enough to take an active part in the conference, with a presentation on “The Organization of the Living: A Theory of the Living Organization” (Maturana, 1975). This paper was my first indication of his transition from “hard” to “soft” cybernetics, introducing the theory of autopoiesis he came to develop with Francisco Varela (Maturana & Varela, 1991).
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An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Conference on Biologically Motivated Automata Theory, MacLean, Va., U.S.A., 19–21 June 1974.