Elsevier

Journal of Catalysis

Volume 189, Issue 1, 1 January 2000, Pages 147-157
Journal of Catalysis

Regular Article
Selective Oxidation of n-Butane and Butenes over Vanadium-Containing Catalysts

https://doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1999.2689Get rights and content

Abstract

The oxidative dehydrogenation (OXDH) of n-butane, 1-butene, and trans-2-butene on different vanadia catalysts has been compared. MgO, alumina, and Mg–Al mixed oxides with Mg/(Al+Mg) ratios of 0.25 and 0.75 were used as supports. The catalytic data indicate that the higher the acid character of catalysts the lower is both the selectivity to C4-olefins from n-butane and the selectivity to butadiene from both 1-butene or trans-2-butene. Thus, OXDH reactions are mainly observed from n-butane and butenes on basic catalysts. The different catalytic performance of both types of catalysts is a consequence of the isomerization of olefins on acid sites, which appears to be a competitive reaction with the selective way, i.e., the oxydehydrogenation process by a redox mechanism. Infrared spectroscopy data of 1-butene adsorbed on supported vanadium oxide catalysts suggest the presence of different adsorbed species. O-containing species (carbonyl and alkoxide species) are observed on catalysts with acid sites while adsorbed butadiene species are observed on catalysts with basic sites. According to these results a reaction network for the oxydehydrogenation of n-butane is proposed with parallel and consecutive reactions.

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      It was suggested that both 1-butene and 2-butenes can be converted to an activated form reversibly [18]. As exhibited in Fig. 6, 1-butene can be hardly activated at low temperature, in well agreement with López Nieto's work [40]. However, the presence of CO2 might facilitate the activation of 1-butene since trans-2-butene seems to be observed upon 1-butene/CO2 co-adsorption.

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    1

    To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: 34-96-3877809. E-mail: [email protected].

    2

    On leave from the Instituto de Tecnologı́a Quı́mica, Valencia, Spain.

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