Skip to main content

The Nature of Technology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Critical Questions in STEM Education

Part of the book series: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education ((CTISE,volume 51))

Abstract

Technology is an important part of the STEM acronym and unites and provides processes to tie all of the STEM disciplines together. Science, Engineering, and Math all depend on Technology to visualize and solve problems. Technology assists the other STEM fields to be creative but also carries with it its own social and cultural implications. To discuss the nature of technology we must first come to a shared definition of technology. This task can be difficult because there are many different lenses through which technology can be viewed. For example, technology can be a thought process, a way of knowing, and a tool. Definitions of technology are influenced by how it is used in practice and the professional organizations like IEEE, ISTE, CSTA, and NCTM that provide guidance and standards for how technology can and should be used. As our lives become more dependent on technology, and jobs become possible only by its use, the ethical nature of technology grows more important to both our present and our future. This chapter ends with a discussion of the work to be done including research on how technology and its affordances interacts with the work and creative activity in the other STEM fields and how technology could be leveraged to support curriculum in the other STEM areas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Berman, F., & Cerf, V. G. (2017). Social and ethical behavior in the internet of things. Communications of the ACM, 60(2), 6–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, N. (2018). A dark consensus about screens and kids begins to emerge in Silicon Valley. The New York Times, 26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cetin, I., & Dubinsky, E. (2017). Reflective abstraction in computational thinking. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 47, 70–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Code.org. (2018). State of computer science education. Retrieved from: https://advocacy.code.org/

    Google Scholar 

  • CSTA. (2017). Computer science standards. Retrieved from: https://www.csteachers.org/page/standards

  • DiGironimo, N. (2011). What is technology? Investigating student conceptions about the nature of technology. International Journal of Science Education, 33(10), 1337–1352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dreyfus, H. L., & Spinosa, C. (2003). Further reflections on Heidegger, technology, and the everyday. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 23(5), 339–349.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes, G. W. R., Rodrigues, A. M., & Ferreira, C. A. (2017). Conceptions of the nature of science and technology: A study with children and youths in a non-formal science and technology education setting. Research in Science Education, 1–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grover, S., & Pea, R. (2013). Computational thinking in K–12: A review of the state of the field. Educational Researcher, 42(1), 38–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heidegger, M. (1977). The question concerning technology (pp. 3–35). New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollandsworth, R., Dowdy, L., & Donovan, J. (2011). Digital citizenship in K-12: It takes a village. TechTrends, 55(4), 37–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hubwieser, P., Giannakos, M. N., Berges, M., Brinda, T., Diethelm, I., Magenheim, J., et al. (2015, July). A global snapshot of computer science education in K-12 schools. In Proceedings of the 2015 ITiCSE on Working Group Reports (pp. 65–83). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • ISTE. (2018a). ISTE standards. Retrieved from: http://www.iste.org/standards

    Google Scholar 

  • ISTE. (2018b). ISTE announces new computational thinking standards for all educators standards. Retrieved from: https://www.iste.org/explore/Press-Releases/ISTE-Announces-New-Computational-Thinking-Standards-for-All-Educators

  • K–12 Computer Science Framework. (2016). Retrieved from http://www.k12cs.org

  • Koehler, M., & Mishra, P. (2009). What is technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK)? Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 9(1), 60–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kramer, J. (2007). Is abstraction the key to computing? Communications of the ACM, 50(4), 36–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lederman, N. G. (2007). Nature of science: Past, present, and future. In S. K. Abell & N. G. Lederman (Eds.), Handbook of research on science education (pp. 831–880). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenhart, A., Madden, M., Smith, A., Purcell, K., Zickuhr, K., & Rainie, L. (2011). Teens, kindness and cruelty on social network sites: How American teens navigate the new world of “Digital Citizenship”. In Pew Internet & American Life Project. Retrieved from: http://www.pewinternet.org/2011/11/09/teens-kindness-and-cruelty-on-social-network-sites/

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitcham, C. (1994). Thinking through technology: The path between engineering and philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pacey, A. (1983). The culture of technology. Cambridge: MIT press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parr, G., Bellis, N., & Bulfin, S. (2013). Teaching English teachers for the future: Speaking back to TPACK. English in Australia, 48(1), 9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richmond, A. S & Troisl, J.D. (2018). Technology in the classroom: What the research tells us. Retrieved from: https://www.insidehighered.com/digital-learning/views/2018/12/12/what-research-tells-us-about-using-technology-classroom-opinion

  • Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard educational review, 57(1), 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sundqvist, P., & Nilsson, T. (2018). Technology education in preschool: Providing opportunities for children to use artifacts and to create. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 28(1), 29–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • TESOL (2008). TESOL technology standards framework. Retrieved from: https://www.tesol.org/docs/default-source/books/bk_technologystandards_framework_721.pdf?sfvrsn=2&sfvrsn=2

  • Theis, T. N., & Wong, H. S. P. (2017). The end of Moore’s law: A new beginning for information technology. Computing in Science & Engineering, 19(2), 41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, L. G., & Knezek, D. G. (2008). Information, communications, and educational technology standards for students, teachers, and school leaders. In International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (pp. 333–348). Boston, MA: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tiles, M., & Oberdiek, H. (2013). Conflicting visions of technology. In R. C. Scharff & V. Dusek (Eds.), Philosophy of technology: The technological condition: An anthology (pp. 249–259). Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waight, N. (2014). Technology knowledge: High school science teachers’ conception of the nature of technology. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12(5), 1143–1168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waight, N., & Abd-El-Khalick, F. (2012). Nature of Technology: Implications for design, development, and enactment of technological tools in school science classrooms. International Journal of Science Education, 34(18), 2875–2905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb, M. (2008). Impact of IT on science education. In J. Voogt & G. Knezek (Eds.), International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (Vol. 20, pp. 133–148). Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • White House. (2018). Summit on STEM education.. Retrieved from: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Summary-of-the-2018-White-House-State-Federal-STEM-Education-Summit.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • World Economic Forum. (2018, September). The future of jobs: Global challenge insight report, World Economic Forum. Geneva: http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2018/key-findings/

  • Zvorikine, A. (1961). The history of technology as a science and as a branch of learning: A Soviet view. Technology and Culture, 2(1), 1–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Theresa A. Cullen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Cullen, T.A., Guo, M. (2020). The Nature of Technology. In: Akerson, V.L., Buck, G.A. (eds) Critical Questions in STEM Education. Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education, vol 51. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57646-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57646-2_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-57645-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-57646-2

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics