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Magnetic Nanofluids: Synthesis and Structure

  • Chapter
NanoScience in Biomedicine

Abstract

Recent results are reviewed concerning the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and various types of magnetic nanofluids (MNF) or ferrofluids, their structural properties and behavior in an external magnetic field, specially tailored to meet the requirements of some specific engineering and biomedical applications. There are described the chemical co-precipitation procedure and the liquid- and gas-phase thermal decomposition methods to obtain magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3, CoFe2O4, Co, Fe and Fe-C) of adequate size distribution to prepare magnetic nanofluids. Sterical stabilization of MNPs in organic and water carrier liquids is discussed in details, related to the diagrams of magnetic nanofluid synthesis procedures. The macroscopic behavior, especially the magnetic and flow properties of magnetic fluids and their compatibility with various media and exploitation conditions in magnetofluidic devices are described related to composition and structural characteristics, such as nature and size of magnetic nanoparticles, nature and chain length of surfactants used for ultrastable dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in various non-polar and polar carrier liquids, hydrodynamic size of particles, as well as the formation and characteristics of agglomerates induced by an applied magnetic field.

Manifold results of structural investigations of MNFs by small angle neutron scattering (SANS), including specific techniques (contrast variation, scattering of polarized neutrons) are presented concerning particle structure (size, surfactant shell thickness, composition of core and shell, solvent rate penetration in surfactant layer, micelles), magnetic structure (magnetic size and composition), particle interaction (interparticle potential, magnetic moment correlation, phase separation) and cluster formation (aggregation and chain formation). Long-term colloidal stability of magnetic nanofluids and their properties are discussed in terms of the above structural characteristics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy, Timisoara Division, Timisoara, Romania

    L. Vékás & Doina Bica

  2. National Center for Engineering of Systems with Complex Fluids, University Politehnica Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania

    L. Vékás

  3. Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia

    M. V. Avdeev

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  1. L. Vékás
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  2. M. V. Avdeev
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  3. Doina Bica
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  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA

    Donglu Shi

  2. The Institute for Advanced Materials and Nano Biomedicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Donglu Shi

  3. Research Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Donglu Shi

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Vékás, L., Avdeev, M.V., Bica, D. (2009). Magnetic Nanofluids: Synthesis and Structure. In: Shi, D. (eds) NanoScience in Biomedicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49661-8_25

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