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Optimal Bird Migration: The Relative Importance of Time, Energy, and Safety

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Bird Migration

Abstract

“Optimization is the process of minimizing costs or maximizing benefits, or obtaining the best possible compromise between the two. Evolution by natural selection is a process of optimization” (R. McNeill Alexander 1982).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, University of Lund, Ecology Building, S-223 62, Lund, Sweden

    Å. Lindström

Authors
  1. T. Alerstam
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  2. Å. Lindström
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie Vogelwarte, D-8138, Andechs, Germany

    Eberhard Gwinner

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Alerstam, T., Lindström, Å. (1990). Optimal Bird Migration: The Relative Importance of Time, Energy, and Safety. In: Gwinner, E. (eds) Bird Migration. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74542-3_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74542-3_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74544-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74542-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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