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Some aspects of lateral chain order in cellulosics from X-ray scattering

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This paper gives an overview of our recent research activities on the lateral supramolecular order of a variety of native and man-made cellulosics considering respective results from the literature. Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) was the main investigation technique used. Lateral root mean squared lattice strains between 2 and 3% were determined for the materials investigated. Crystallite sizes obtained without considering lattice distortions usually do not deviate by much more than −10% from the real, i.e. fully corrected values. This means that it is sufficient to use the simple Scherrer equation for determining lateral crystallite sizes for most routine investigations of cellulosic materials. The possible superposition of WAXS peaks of the triclinic Iα and monoclinic Iβ lattice types, however, has to be considered in crystallite size determinations for Valonia cellulose. It could be shown that neglecting this fact can lead to crystallite sizes being about 20% below the true ones. Lateral crystallite dimaensions for native celluloses vary between 4nm (dissolving pulps) and 10-15 nm (Valonia). Except for bacterial cellulose, the WAXS crystallite sizes are distinctly smaller than the microfibril dimensions obtained from electron microscopy. The man-made fibres investigated showed lateral crystallite dimensions between 3 and 5nm. The importance of lateral crystallite dimensions for the properties of man-made fibres and for the alkalization process of native cellulose id demonstrated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fraunhofer-Institute of Applied Polymer Research, Teltow-Seehof, D-14513, Kantstrasse 55, Germany

    H. -P. Fink

  2. GKSS-Research Centre Geesthacht, Institute of Chemistry, Teltow-Seehof, D-14513, Kantstrasse 55, Germany

    D. Hofmann

  3. Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Research, Teltow-Seehof, D-14513, Kantstrasse 55, Germany

    B. Philipp

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  1. H. -P. Fink
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Fink, H.P., Hofmann, D. & Philipp, B. Some aspects of lateral chain order in cellulosics from X-ray scattering. Cellulose 2, 51–70 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00812772

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