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A novel secure DV-Hop localization algorithm against wormhole attacks

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Abstract

IoT era and its ubiquitous sensing raise serious security challenges such as wormhole attacks. Given that these attacks may affect the location determination of the employed sensors, security can be seriously compromised. The most common and severe attack is the single wormhole one, which is the focus of this paper. One of the most employed algorithms to approach the sensor location determination is the Distance Vector Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm, which can still be seriously affected from wormhole attacks. To overcome the challenges of this algorithm, this article proposes a novel secure DV-Hop localization algorithm against wormhole attack (ANDV-Hop), where beacon nodes delegate their attacked neighboring nodes to broadcast data messages, and the intersection of communication range of these neighboring nodes does include wormhole nodes. For implicit attacks, close nodes to the wormhole node are selected in order to broadcast data messages, whilst the nodes within the attack range remove beacon nodes at the other end of the link from the neighboring list. For explicit wormhole attack, the algorithm employs a trust model that calculates the comprehensive trust value obtained via a selection reward/punish coefficient. The selected ones within the intersection zone are considered rewarded, whilst the ones to be removed are classified as punished. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves detection success rate, reduces relative localization error and energy loss, showing effectiveness and reliability.

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Data available upon request to the authors.

Code availability

The source code of the implementations used to compute the present results can be obtained by contacting corresponding authors.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61873160 and Grant 61672338, Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai under Grant 21ZR1426500.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

    Dezhi Han, Mengxiao Liu & Canren Tang

  2. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering (CSIE), Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Tien-Hsiung Weng & Kuan-Ching Li

  3. School of Built Environment, Engineering and Computing, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK

    Mario Donato Marino

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  1. Dezhi Han
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  2. Mengxiao Liu
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Correspondence to Kuan-Ching Li.

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Han, D., Liu, M., Weng, TH. et al. A novel secure DV-Hop localization algorithm against wormhole attacks. Telecommun Syst 80, 413–430 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-022-00914-1

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