Abstract
Zingiber moran (Zingiberaceae) has long been used as a folk medicine. In the current study, the essential oil was extracted from the dried rhizomes using hydrodistillation and was subjected to fractionation using thin-layer and column chromatography. Three major fractions were characterized using NMR, FTIR, and mass spectroscopy studies and were identified as terpenoids namely camphene, citral, and linalool. The in vitro cytotoxic studies using HeLa cell line revealed the significant cytotoxic activity of these compounds. The cell viability (%) was determined by MTT assay and subsequently the IC50 values were calculated to be 38.54, 39.65, and 55.44 μg/ml for camphene, citral, and linalool, respectively. Further, inverted light microscopy observations along with live dead staining assay of treated cells revealed a significant dose-dependent effect of these compounds on the cell morphology and death, where it was found that the HeLa cells were prone to apoptosis at lower doses and necrosis at higher doses. The findings reveal promising scope of the endemic ginger to be used as a potential source of medicine.
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Acknowledgments
AD and NK thanks Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD), Government of India for fellowship. Authors thank CIF (IITG) for nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy analysis. LR acknowledges funding by the Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Information Technology, Government of India (DIT Grant No. DIT No: 0526/T/IITG/014/0809/38).
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44_2012_432_MOESM1_ESM.docx
TLC plate showing the three single spots obtained from repeated column chromatography of Z. moran rhizome essential oil. (DOCX 186 kb)
44_2012_432_MOESM8_ESM.docx
Inverted fluorescence microscopic images of treated and untreated HeLa cells after staining with AO/EB (400X) (DOCX 870 kb)
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Das, A., Kasoju, N., Bora, U. et al. Chemico-biological investigation of rhizome essential oil of Zingiber moran—native to Northeast India. Med Chem Res 22, 4308–4315 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-012-0432-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-012-0432-0