Abstract
Experiments addressing the effect of energy deposition via arc discharge on \(15^\circ \) half angle-truncated cone-cylinder configurations at Mach 5 flow were carried out. The arc discharge was accomplished using a setup that consisted of a power supply, a high voltage unit and tungsten electrodes. Discharge-on tests were compared to discharge-off tests to evaluate the net effect of the energy deposition. Flow visualisation revealed the presence of a heated wake downstream of the energy spot. Compression waves were observed on top of the wake of the heated channel, which were oscillatory in nature. The deposited energy of 7 W shows a repeatable influence on the measured drag force for all the models at close arc-to-nose distances.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bletzinger, P., Ganguly, B.N., VanWie, D., Garscadden, A.: Plasmas in high speed aerodynamics. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 38, 33–57 (2005)
Georgievskii, P., Levin, V.: Supersonic Flow over a Body with Heat Supply Ahead of it. Proceedings of the Steklov Inst. of Mathematics, Steklov Inst. of Mathematics, American Mathematical Society, 0081–5438/91, pp. 229–234 (Eng. transl.) (1991)
Myrabo, L.N., Raizer, Yu. P.: Laser Induced Air Spikes for Advance Trans Atmospheric Vehicles. AIAA Paper 1994–2451 (1994)
Knight, D.: Survey of aerodynamic drag reduction at high speed by energy deposition. J. Propuls. Power 24(6), 1153–1167 (2008)
Levin, V.A., Afonina, N.A., Gromov, V. G.: Navier-Stokes Analysis of Supersonic Flow with Local Energy Deposition. AIAA Paper 1999–4967 (1999)
Riggins, D., Nelson, H.F., Johnson, E.: Blunt-body wave drag reduction using focused energy deposition. AIAA J. 37(4), 460–467 (1999)
Kolesnichenko, Y., Brovkin, V., Azarova, O., Grudnitsky, V., Lashkov, V., Mashek, I.: Microwave Energy Release Regimes for Drag Reduction in Supersonic Flows. AIAA Paper 2002–0353 (2002)
Girgis, I.G., Shneider, M.N., Macheret, S.O., Brown, G.L., Miles, R. B.: Creation of Steering Moments in Supersonic Flow by Off-Axis Plasma Heat Addition. AIAA Paper 2002–0129 (2002)
Myrabo, L.N., Raizer, Yu.P., Shneider, M.N., Bracken, R.: Reduction of drag and energy consumption during energy releasepreceding a blunt body in supersonic flow. Heat Mass Transf. Gasdyn. High Temp. 42(6), 901–910 (2004)
Satheesh, K., Jagadeesh, G.: Experimental investigations on the effect of energy deposition in hypersonic blunt body flow field. J. Shock Waves 18(1), 53–70 (2008)
Schulein, E., Zheltovodov, A.: Effects of steady flow heating by arc discharge upstream of non-slender bodies. J. Shock Waves 21(4), 383–396 (2011)
Erdem, E., Yang, L., Kontis, K.: Drag Reduction by Energy Deposition in Hypersonic Flows. AIAA Paper 2009–7347 (2009)
Erdem, E., Yang, L., Kontis, K.: Drag Reduction Studies by Steady Energy Deposition at Mach 5. AIAA Paper 2011–1027 (2011)
Sakai, T.: Supersonic drag performance of truncated cones with repetitive energy depositions. Int. J. Aerosp. Innov. 1(31), 31–43 (2009)
Kim, J.H., Matsuda, A., Sakai, T., Sasoh, A.: Wave drag reduction with acting spike induced by laser-pulse energy depositions. AIAA J. 49(9), 2076–2078 (2011)
Ames Research Staff: Equations, Tables, and Charts for Compressible Flow, Report 1135, NACA (1953)
Liepman, H.W., Roshko, A.: Elements of Gas Dynamics. John Wiley, New York (1957). (reprint 2001)
Moffat, R.J.: Describing the uncertainties in experimental results. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 1(1), 3–17 (1988)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by A. Sasoh.
The paper was based on work that was presented at the 28th International Symposium on Shock Waves, 17–22 July, 2011, Manchester, UK.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Erdem, E., Kontis, K. & Yang, L. Steady energy deposition at Mach 5 for drag reduction. Shock Waves 23, 285–298 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-012-0405-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-012-0405-8