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Metabolic flux analysis of Gluconacetobacter xylinus for bacterial cellulose production

  • Biotechnological products and process engineering
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Abstract

Metabolic flux analysis was used to reveal the metabolic distributions in Gluconacetobacter xylinus (CGMCC no. 2955) cultured on different carbon sources. Compared with other sources, glucose, fructose, and glycerol could achieve much higher bacterial cellulose (BC) yields from G. xylinus (CGMCC no. 2955). The glycerol led to the highest BC production with a metabolic yield of 14.7 g/mol C, which was approximately 1.69-fold and 2.38-fold greater than that produced using fructose and glucose medium, respectively. The highest BC productivity from G. xylinus CGMCC 2955 was 5.97 g BC/L (dry weight) when using glycerol as the sole carbon source. Metabolic flux analysis for the central carbon metabolism revealed that about 47.96 % of glycerol was transformed into BC, while only 19.05 % of glucose and 24.78 % of fructose were transformed into BC. Instead, when glucose was used as the sole carbon source, 40.03 % of glucose was turned into the by-product gluconic acid. Compared with BC from glucose and fructose, BC from the glycerol medium showed the highest tensile strength at 83.5 MPa, with thinner fibers and lower porosity. As a main byproduct of biodiesel production, glycerol holds great potential to produce BC with superior mechanical and microstructural characteristics.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project no. 21106105, project no. 20976133), the Foundation of Tianjin Educational Committee (no. 20100602), and Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (no. IRT1166). We also gratefully acknowledge Rebecca G. Ong for her assistance in editing this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhong, Gui-Cai Zhang, Miao Liu, Xin-Tong Zheng, Pei-Pei Han & Shi-Ru Jia

  2. School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhong, Gui-Cai Zhang, Miao Liu, Xin-Tong Zheng, Pei-Pei Han & Shi-Ru Jia

  3. Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, P.O. Box 6888, Tianjin, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhong

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  1. Cheng Zhong
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Correspondence to Shi-Ru Jia.

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The authors Cheng Zhong and Gui-Cai Zhang contributed equally to this paper.

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Zhong, C., Zhang, GC., Liu, M. et al. Metabolic flux analysis of Gluconacetobacter xylinus for bacterial cellulose production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97, 6189–6199 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-4908-8

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