Abstract
This paper presents the possible alternative removal options for the development of safe drinking water supplies in areas affected by hexavalent chromium. Chromate is a matter of great environmental concern due to its extensive contamination and carcinogenic toxicity. In this study, the conventional adsorption with various types of adsorbent method were used for chromate removal, but only powder carbon steel was compatible with household water treatment and can be designated based on high removal efficiency and affordable cost. Home powder carbon steel with granular activated carbon (PCS–GAC) treatment systems are quite simple. Water needing treatment passes through the cartridge or filter candles contacting PCS–GAC on its way to the faucet. This method is based on the use of powder carbon steel, ML 90 Bombril S.A, as a cleaning agent. Granular activated carbon filters have been employed in home water purification systems essentially for the removal of taste, odor, and color. The effect of pH, redox potential, time, and adsorbate concentration on the uptake carbon steel were observed. The lack of desorption suggests that anion chromium is irreversibly sorbed by the powder carbon steel.
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Acknowledgements
Financial support from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP (grants 03/08818-0 and 03/08819-7) has made this work possible. The authors greatly specially thank Engineer Isaac Jamil Sayeg (Scanning Electron Microscopy Laboratory–Geosciences Institute, São Paulo University).
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Campos, V., Büchler, P.M. Removal of chromate from drinking water using powder carbon steel. Environ Geol 47, 926–930 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1222-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1222-5