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A novel sample preparation method to avoid influence of embedding medium during nano-indentation

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Abstract

The effect of the embedding medium on the nano-indentation measurements of lignocellulosic materials was investigated experimentally using nano-indentation. Both the reduced elastic modulus and the hardness of non-embedded cell walls were found to be lower than those of the embedded samples, proving that the embedding medium used for specimen preparation on cellulosic material during nano-indentation can modify cell-wall properties. This leads to structural and chemical changes in the cell-wall constituents, changes that may significantly alter the material properties. Further investigation was carried out to detect the influence of different vacuum times on the cell-wall mechanical properties during the embedding procedure. Interpretation of the statistical analysis revealed no linear relationships between vacuum time and the mechanical properties of cell walls. The quantitative measurements confirm that low-viscosity resin has a rapid penetration rate early in the curing process. Finally, a novel sample preparation method aimed at preventing resin diffusion into lignocellulosic cell walls was developed using a plastic film to wrap the sample before embedding. This method proved to be accessible and straightforward for many kinds of lignocellulosic material, but is especially suitable for small, soft samples.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by a USDA Wood Utilization Research Grant and the Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory and partial support by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30928022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, 2506 Jacob Drive, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Yujie Meng, Siqun Wang, Timothy M. Young & Yanjun Li

  2. Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI, 53726-2398, USA

    Zhiyong Cai

  3. Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, P.R. China

    Guanben Du

  4. Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, P.R. China

    Yanjun Li

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  1. Yujie Meng
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  2. Siqun Wang
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Correspondence to Siqun Wang or Yanjun Li.

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Meng, Y., Wang, S., Cai, Z. et al. A novel sample preparation method to avoid influence of embedding medium during nano-indentation. Appl. Phys. A 110, 361–369 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-012-7123-z

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