Abstract
The associations of onset and withdrawal of the rainy season in South Korea (called Changma) have been examined. Composite studies showed that there are significant differences in circulations between extremely early and late onset (or withdrawals) not only over East Asia, but also over remote areas. The in situ significant differences include the upper-level jet over East Asia and the subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific at lower levels. The significant remote associations include the Indian monsoon and ENSO. The Indian summer monsoon is related to both onset and withdrawal of the Changma, while ENSO has a significant relation only to onset, but not to withdrawal.
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This study was supported by the National Key Programme for Developing Basic Sciences (G1998040900, Part I), Brain Pool Program (Grant No. 991-5-8) funded by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, and the Natural Hazard Prevention Research Project, one of the Critical Technology-21 Programs, funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea.
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Riyu, L., Oh, JH., Kim, BJ. et al. Associations with the interannual variations of onset and withdrawal of the Changma. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 18, 1066–1080 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-001-0023-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-001-0023-3