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d-Lactic acid biosynthesis from biomass-derived sugars via Lactobacillus delbrueckii fermentation

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Abstract

Poly-lactic acid (PLA) derived from renewable resources is considered to be a good substitute for petroleum-based plastics. The number of poly l-lactic acid applications is increased by the introduction of a stereocomplex PLA, which consists of both poly-l and d-lactic acid and has a higher melting temperature. To date, several studies have explored the production of l-lactic acid, but information on biosynthesis of d-lactic acid is limited. Pulp and corn stover are abundant, renewable lignocellulosic materials that can be hydrolyzed to sugars and used in biosynthesis of d-lactic acid. In our study, saccharification of pulp and corn stover was done by cellulase CTec2 and sugars generated from hydrolysis were converted to d-lactic acid by a homofermentative strain, L. delbrueckii, through a sequential hydrolysis and fermentation process (SHF) and a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process (SSF). 36.3 g L−1 of d-lactic acid with 99.8 % optical purity was obtained in the batch fermentation of pulp and attained highest yield and productivity of 0.83 g g−1 and 1.01 g L−1 h−1, respectively. Luedeking–Piret model described the mixed growth-associated production of d-lactic acid with a maximum specific growth rate 0.2 h−1 and product formation rate 0.026 h−1, obtained for this strain. The efficient synthesis of d-lactic acid having high optical purity and melting point will lead to unique stereocomplex PLA with innovative applications in polymer industry.

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Abbreviations

μ max :

Maximum specific growth rate (h−1)

C 0 :

Initial glucose concentration (g L−1)

C p :

Product concentration (g L−1)

Y PS :

Product yield (g lactic acid g−1 glucose)

Y′ PS :

Product overall yield (g lactic acid g−1 biomass)

Y XS :

Yield of cell dry mass from substrate (g cell dry mass g−1 glucose)

Y PX :

Yield of product from cell dry mass (g d-lactic acid g−1 cell dry mass)

q PS :

Product formation rate (h−1) calculated based on the equation q PS =  \(\frac{1}{S} \times \frac{{d{\text{P}}}}{{d{\text{t}}}}\)

Q p :

Productivity (g L−1 h−1)

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research and supported by the Department of Grain Science and Industry at Kansas State University. The authors are grateful to Novozymes Inc. for the donation of enzymes. This is contribution number 13-180-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.

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  1. Department of Grain Science and Industry, Bioprocessing and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA

    Yixing Zhang & Praveen V. Vadlani

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  1. Yixing Zhang
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  2. Praveen V. Vadlani
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Correspondence to Praveen V. Vadlani.

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Zhang, Y., Vadlani, P.V. d-Lactic acid biosynthesis from biomass-derived sugars via Lactobacillus delbrueckii fermentation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 36, 1897–1904 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-013-0965-8

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