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CRISPR/Cas9: a promising way to exploit genetic variation in plants

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Abstract

Creation of variation in existing gene pool of crop plants is the foremost requirement in crop improvement programmes. Genome editing is a tool to produce knock out of target genes either by introduction of insertion or by deletion that disrupts the function of a specific gene. The CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) system is the most recent addition to the toolbox of sequence-specific nucleases that includes ZFNs and TALENs. The CRISPR/Cas9 system allows targeted cleavage of genomic DNA guided by a small noncoding RNA, resulting in gene modifications by both non-homologous end joining and homology-directed repair mechanisms. Here, we present an overview of mechanisms of CRISPR, its potential roles in creating variation in germplasm and applications of this novel interference pathway in crop improvement. The availability of the CRISPR/Cas9 system holds promise in facilitating both forward and reverse genetics and will enhance research in crops that lack genetic resources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 321303, India

    Reema Rani, Prashant Yadav, Arun Kumar & Dhiraj Singh

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Kalyani M. Barbadikar

  3. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Nikita Baliyan

  4. ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

    Era Vaidya Malhotra

  5. ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India

    Binay Kumar Singh

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  1. Reema Rani
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Correspondence to Reema Rani.

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Rani, R., Yadav, P., Barbadikar, K.M. et al. CRISPR/Cas9: a promising way to exploit genetic variation in plants. Biotechnol Lett 38, 1991–2006 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-016-2195-z

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