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Understanding the microstructure, mineralogical and adsorption characteristics of guar gum blended soil as a liner material

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Abstract

Guar gum blended soil (GGBS) offers potentially advantageous engineering characteristics of hydraulic conductivity and strength for a soil to be used as a liner material. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope were used to examine the mineral composition, functional groups and morphological changes in the unblended soil (UBS) and GGBS. These characterization approaches are used to understand adsorption-associated mechanisms of Pb(II) removal. Batch adsorption tests were performed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of UBS and the GGBS with various proportions (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) of guar gum (GG) towards the removal of Pb(II) ions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted by varying the pH, dosage of adsorbent, concentration of metal ions and contact time. The experimental results showed that the optimum removal of Pb(II) ions was high at a pH of 3.0 for all blends, and adsorption tests beyond 3.0 pH demonstrated a decline in adsorption performance. The maximum Pb(II) removal efficiency of 95% was obtained using the 2.0% GGBS. The isotherm model assessment for adsorption experimental data of Pb(II) showed the best fit for the Langmuir model on using GG. The present research demonstrated that the guar gum–treated blends exhibited potential Pb(II) ion adsorption properties and therefore can be used as sustainable liner material in sanitary landfills.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the TRR fund [TRR18] from the SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India. The authors thank the Vice-Chancellor of SASTRA for the support and infrastructure provided during the period of the study.

Funding

This work was supported by the TRR fund [TRR18] from the SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, Surampalem, East Godavari (D.T), 533437, India

    Anandha Kumar Subramani

  2. Centre for Advanced Research On Environment, School of Civil Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India

    Anandha Kumar Subramani & Sujatha Evangelin Ramani

  3. Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India

    Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian

Authors
  1. Anandha Kumar Subramani
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  2. Sujatha Evangelin Ramani
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  3. Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian
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Correspondence to Sujatha Evangelin Ramani.

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Subramani, A.K., Ramani, S.E. & Selvasembian, R. Understanding the microstructure, mineralogical and adsorption characteristics of guar gum blended soil as a liner material. Environ Monit Assess 193, 855 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09644-4

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