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Emission modeling at toll plaza under mixed traffic condition using simulation

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Abstract

Mixed traffic conditions, i.e., the presence of different vehicle classes in a toll lane, causes congestion, leading to extra delay and emissions. The determination of the emission levels in the field is tedious process and thus there is need to look over it. Further, the dynamic toll pricing schemes are well established in developed countries to mitigate the congestion, but its application in developing countries is not observed so far. Hence, an attempt is made in the present study to establish the dynamic toll rates based on emission at toll plazas operating under mixed traffic conditions. The sensitivity analysis is carried out by changing the traffic composition and the approach volume in simulation. After that, the traffic composition and approach volume-based emission estimation equations are developed that can be used to predict the emissions easily in the field. The methodology finally moves towards the development of emission-based toll rates (EBTR).

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Author would also like to thank the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) for data collection permission.

Funding

This research has been partly funded by the DST-DAAD project “Warrants for Automation of Toll Plazas Under Mixed Traffic Conditions.” (PROJECT NUMBER:—DST/INT/DAAD/P-14/2020). The present study is a part of the project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India

    Chintaman Bari, Ajay Gangwal, Ziauddin Rahimi, L. Srikanth, Bijendra Singh & Ashish Dhamaniya

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  1. Chintaman Bari
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  2. Ajay Gangwal
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  3. Ziauddin Rahimi
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  4. L. Srikanth
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  5. Bijendra Singh
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  6. Ashish Dhamaniya
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Contributions

The authors confirm their contribution to the paper as follows:

Study conception and design: Bari and Dhamaniya; data collection: Bari and Dhamaniya; data extraction: Bari, Gangawal, Ziauddin, Srikant, Singh; development of simulation model: Bari and Gangawal; emission modeling: Gangawal, Ziauddin, Srikant, Singh; analysis and interpretation of results: All authors; draft manuscript preparation: All authors. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ashish Dhamaniya.

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Bari, C., Gangwal, A., Rahimi, Z. et al. Emission modeling at toll plaza under mixed traffic condition using simulation. Environ Monit Assess 195, 803 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11409-0

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