A Novel Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme of Specific Bits

Abstract

This paper proposes a semi-quantum secret sharing scheme where a quantum participant Alice can share a specific message with several classical participants, Bobs. Semi-quantumness means that Alice can perform any quantum operation on her qubits and Bobs can choose to either (1) let the received qubits go back to Alice without disturbance, or (2) measure the qubits in the basis {|0〉, |1〉} and then resend the result state to Alice. In this scheme, Alice encodes her messages in two entangled states $\left | {\Phi }_{0}\right .\rangle =\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}\left (\left |+\right .\rangle ^{\otimes \mathrm {n}}+\left |-\right .\rangle ^{\otimes \mathrm {n}}\right )$ and $\left |{\Phi }_{1} \right .\rangle =\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}\left (\left |+\right .\rangle ^{\otimes \mathrm {n}}-\left |-\right .\rangle ^{\otimes \mathrm {n}}\right )$. The present scheme differs from the existing ones in that the present scheme can share a specific bit string between Alice and Bobs, whereas only a random bit string is shared in most of the existing ones.