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Three-party Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in both Polarization and Spatial-mode Degrees of Freedom

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Abstract

We present an efficient three-party quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with single photos in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom. The three legal parties’ messages can be encoded on the polarization and the spatial-mode states of single photons independently with desired unitary operations. A party can obtain the other two parties’ messages simultaneously through a quantum channel. Because no extra public information is transmitted in the classical channels, the drawback of information leakage or classical correlation does not exist in the proposed scheme. Moreover, the comprehensive security analysis shows that the presented QSDC network protocol can defend the outsider eavesdropper’s several sorts of attacks. Compared with the single photons with only one degree of freedom, our protocol based on the single photons in two degrees of freedom has higher capacity. Since the preparation and the measurement of single photon quantum states in both the polarization and the spatial-mode degrees of freedom are available with current quantum techniques, the proposed protocol is practical.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China under grant No.61072140, 61373171; the 111 Project No.B08038; the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No.20100203110003.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    LiLi Wang, WenPing Ma, MeiLing Wang & DongSu Shen

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  1. LiLi Wang
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  2. WenPing Ma
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  3. MeiLing Wang
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  4. DongSu Shen
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Correspondence to LiLi Wang.

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Wang, L., Ma, W., Wang, M. et al. Three-party Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in both Polarization and Spatial-mode Degrees of Freedom. Int J Theor Phys 55, 2490–2499 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-015-2886-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-015-2886-6

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