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Effects of alkaline treatment and kinetic analysis of agroindustrial residues from grape stalks and yerba mate fibers

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Abstract

This work aims to evaluate the alkaline treatment using NaOH of the agroindustrial residues of grape stalks (GS) and yerba mate (YM) in order to improve their adhesion in applications in the area of polymer composites. The samples were evaluated according to the chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic study. It was observed that after the alkaline treatment, there was a change in the morphology of the samples due to the partial removal of lignin and hemicellulose, which is consistent with the chemical analysis and FTIR. The activation energy (Ea) found was of 252.79 ± 21.07 kJ mol−1, 218.99 ± 3.28 kJ mol−1, 236.05 ± 9.50 kJ mol−1 and 216.25 ± 14.87 kJ mol−1 for GS, GSNaOH, YM and YMNaOH samples, respectively, confirming the fibers that present a larger amount of lignin require higher activation energy for the degradation. Thus, this material has the potential to be used as a reinforcing filler in composite materials because of the modifications caused by the alkaline treatment, which improves the matrix/fiber interface.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CAPES and UNIVATES for the financial support, and company manufacturer Elacy for donating the residues of yerba mate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil

    Cleide Borsoi, Marcos Aurélio Dahlem Júnior, Betina Hansen & André Luis Catto

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias (PGEPROTEC), Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Lilian Vanessa Rossa Beltrami & Ademir José Zattera

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  1. Cleide Borsoi
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  2. Marcos Aurélio Dahlem Júnior
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Correspondence to Cleide Borsoi.

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Borsoi, C., Dahlem Júnior, M.A., Beltrami, L.V.R. et al. Effects of alkaline treatment and kinetic analysis of agroindustrial residues from grape stalks and yerba mate fibers. J Therm Anal Calorim 139, 3275–3286 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08666-y

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