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Adsorption behavior and mechanism of ibuprofen onto BiOCl microspheres with exposed {001} facets

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Abstract

BiOCl microspheres with exposed {001} facets have been synthesized through a simple solvothermal method. The adsorption and photocatalytic activities of BiOCl microspheres were evaluated by removal of ibuprofen (IBP) as the model reaction. Parameters including IBP concentration, BiOCl dosage, and inorganic ions were investigated to reveal the role of adsorption in BiOCl-based photocatalysis. We found that the high IBP removal rate by BiOCl is not due to photocatalytic oxidation but to surface adsorption. The combination of ICP/MS, IC, XPS, and FT-IR results directly proved that anion exchange between dissociated IBP and Cl accompanied by the formation of surface complex (O–Bi–OOC–C12H17) onto the BiOCl surface is the main adsorption mechanism. In addition, we also demonstrated that organic compounds with carboxyl group (–COOH) such as diclofenac, benzoic acid, and p-phthalic acid can be adsorbed by BiOCl while organic compounds without carboxyl group such as carbamazepine, nitrobenzene, and p-chloronitrobenzene cannot be adsorbed. We believe that the BiOCl adsorption behavior and mechanism should be considered when discussing its photocatalytic mechanism.

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Acknowledgements

The present work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51108406, No. 51408539) and the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY14E080011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Li, Shiye Sun, Rong Chen, Tuqiao Zhang, Zhejian Wu, Xiaowei Liu & Miaomiao Ye

  2. Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA

    Jian Li, Bangxing Ren & Dionysios D. Dionysiou

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  1. Jian Li
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  2. Shiye Sun
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Correspondence to Miaomiao Ye.

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Responsible editor: Suresh Pillai

Jian Li and Shiye Sun contributed equally to this work.

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Li, J., Sun, S., Chen, R. et al. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of ibuprofen onto BiOCl microspheres with exposed {001} facets. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 9556–9565 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8564-x

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