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Industrial Internet of things-based solar photo voltaic cell waste management in next generation industries

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Abstract

Nowadays, modern industries generate their energy by using renewable solar. The rapid increase in photovoltaic (PV) module installations provides a better energy conversion, but their life cycle is a major concern. This research paper focuses on the recycling process for solar PV modules using the Internet of Things in industries. The smart bin with the Internet of Things (IoT) utilizes a machine learning approach to collect solar waste. The proposed smart bin uses k-Nearest Neighbor’s algorithm (k-NN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), a network-based learning algorithm. These algorithms are useful in updating the level of the bin via alert messages. It also helps in identifying the type of waste material. The k-NN algorithm provides 83% accuracy in predicting the bin level in a real-time testing environment. The smart dust bin classifies the waste materials, and notifies its level to the collection center through the IoT platform when the level reaches a prescribed threshold, the signal corresponding to the level is passed to the common waste collection unit. IoT is connected to Cloud Server. It helps to predict the level of the smart bin. Delay is introduced in the order of 3–8 s while the alert message is sent to the common waste collection unit. The system monitors the smart bin levels and sends the notifications to alert and initiate the collection unit. Real-time mobile app monitors the bin’s level and location. The cloud IoT analytics analyze the solar e-waste in a different locations in industries.The proposed system works better and provides accurate results by using machine learning approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Erode – 638012, Tamil Nadu, India

    Parimala Devi Muthusamy, Gowrishankar Velusamy, Sathya Thandavan & Boopathi Raja Govindasamy

  2. Department of EEE, SRMIST, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Nithya Savarimuthu

Authors
  1. Parimala Devi Muthusamy
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  2. Gowrishankar Velusamy
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  3. Sathya Thandavan
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  4. Boopathi Raja Govindasamy
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  5. Nithya Savarimuthu
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Contributions

Dr. M. Parimala Devi and Ms. T. Sathya made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the manuscript. Mr. G. Boopathi Raja, Dr. V. Gowrishankar, and Dr. S. Nithya drafted the manuscript and revised it critically for important intellectual content. All authors reviewed the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Parimala Devi Muthusamy.

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Conventional methods like c-Si and thin-film technologies are low-cost methods for recycling solar cells. Still, the other methodologies are to be developed and so that they should match the industrial constraints.

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Muthusamy, P.D., Velusamy, G., Thandavan, S. et al. Industrial Internet of things-based solar photo voltaic cell waste management in next generation industries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 35542–35556 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19411-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19411-8

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