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Relationship between mercury and organic carbon in sediment cores from Lakes Qinghai and Chenghai, China

  • SEDIMENTS, SEC 2 • PHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES • RESEARCH ARTICLE
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Factors such as organic matter can significantly influence the distribution of mercury (Hg) in aquatic environments. Recent studies in Arctic and sub-Arctic lakes in Canada have investigated whether scavenging of Hg by phytoplankton significantly affects distributions of Hg in sediments. This study examined the relationships between Hg and organic components in two contrasting lakes (Lakes Qinghai and Chenghai) in low and middle latitudes of China.

Materials and methods

Sediment cores from the less-polluted, oligotrophic Lake Qinghai (QH) and from the polluted, eutrophic Lake Chenghai (CH) were collected by a gravity corer. The cores were sectioned and transported on ice to the laboratory where they were stored at −20 °C. Subsamples were dried in a vacuum freeze dryer and grounded with a mortar and pestle prior to analyses. Total concentrations of Hg were quantified using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Total organic carbon (TOC) was quantified using an elemental analyzer after removal of carbonate. The Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis technique (Vinci Technologies, Rueil-Malmaison, France) was used to deconvolute TOC in sediments into S1, S2, and RC components; S2 was further separated into S2a and S2b.

Results and discussion

Different relationships between Hg and TOC were found in the two lakes, which suggest that different types of organic compounds might play completely different roles in the distribution of Hg in lakes. S1 (the soluble organic matter (SOM)) was found to significantly control distributions of Hg in sediments of both lakes, while S2 and S2a were not. Combining the synchronous fluctuations of Hg and the oxygen index in the QH sediment core and in recent sections of CH suggested that allochthonous SOM derived from the terrestrial environment had an important influence on the distribution of Hg in both lakes and a large portion of Hg that originated from the lake catchment.

Conclusions

This study provides further evidence that organic matter is one of the most important factors that influences distributions of Hg in lake sediments and that SOM was the primary form of carbon associated with sedimentation of Hg. The results also suggest that Hg in lake sediments might not accurately represent its pollution history as it could also be influenced by land use, such as agriculture or other human activities in the catchment.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41003048, 40973090 and 41261140337).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People’s Republic of China

    Fengchang Wu, Libin Xu, Haiqing Liao, Fei Guo & Xiaoli Zhao

  2. Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

    John P. Giesy

  3. Zoology Department and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    John P. Giesy

Authors
  1. Fengchang Wu
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  2. Libin Xu
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  3. Haiqing Liao
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  4. Fei Guo
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  5. Xiaoli Zhao
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  6. John P. Giesy
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Correspondence to Fengchang Wu.

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Responsible editor: Jay Gan

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Wu, F., Xu, L., Liao, H. et al. Relationship between mercury and organic carbon in sediment cores from Lakes Qinghai and Chenghai, China. J Soils Sediments 13, 1084–1092 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0694-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0694-2

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