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Optical Refractive Index Sensors Based on Plasmon-Induced Transparency phenomenon in a Plasmonic Waveguide Coupled to Stub and Nano-disk Resonators

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Abstract

Plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) in the transparent window provides new insights into the design of optical devices such as optical sensors. Therefore, in this paper, four novel structures based on the PIT phenomenon are proposed to design plasmonic refractive index sensors (RISs). The designed structures consist of metal–insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides, stub resonators (SR), and nano-disk resonators (NDRs) containing metal strips (MSs). By using an MIM waveguide, an SR, and an NDR containing MSs, the first RIS (main RIS) is designed and simulated using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. To verify FDTD simulations, the stub-coupled MIM waveguide system which is used to design the main RIS is analyzed using the transmission line method (TLM). The maximum sensitivity and FOM of the main RIS obtain 725.1 nm/RIU and 91.78 RIU−1, respectively. By coupling two SRs, two NDRs containing MSs, and two SRs and NDRs containing MSs simultaneously, the other three RIS structures are designed. Increasing Q factors of the designed RISs results in higher FOM values for these new structures. The maximum FOM values for RIS I, RIS II, and RIS III are achieved at 120.18, 144.27, and 113.07 RIU−1, respectively.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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  1. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

    Shiva Khani & Majid Afsahi

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  1. Shiva Khani
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Design, analysis, and investigation: Shiva Khani. Writing-original draft preparation: Shiva Khani. Writing-review and editing: Majid Afsahi.

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Correspondence to Shiva Khani.

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We the undersigned declare that the manuscript entitled “Optical Refractive Index Sensors Based on Plasmon-Induced Transparency phenomenon in a Plasmonic Waveguide Coupled to Stub and Nano-disk Resonators” is original, has not been fully or partly published before, and is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. Also, results are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us.

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Khani, S., Afsahi, M. Optical Refractive Index Sensors Based on Plasmon-Induced Transparency phenomenon in a Plasmonic Waveguide Coupled to Stub and Nano-disk Resonators. Plasmonics 18, 255–270 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-022-01772-y

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