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Interaction analyses between tunnel and landslide in mountain area

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Abstract

This paper focuses on the analytical derivation and the numerical simulation analyses to predict the interaction influences between a landslide and a new tunnel in mountain areas. Based on the slip-line theory, the disturbance range induced by tunneling and the minimum safe distance between the tunnel vault and the sliding belt are obtained in consideration of the mechanical analyses of relaxed rocks over the tunnel opening. The influence factors for the minimum safe crossing distance are conducted, including the tunnel radius, the friction angle of surrounding rocks, the inclination angle of sliding belt, and the friction coefficient of surrounding rocks. Secondly, taking account of the compressive zone and relaxed rocks caused by tunneling, the Sarma method is employed to calculate the safety factor of landslide. Finally, the analytical solutions for interaction between the tunnel and the landslide are compared with a series of numerical simulations, considering the cases for different perpendicular distances between the tunnel vault and the sliding belt. Results show that the distance between the tunnel vault and the slip zone has significant influence on the rock stress and strain. For the case of the minimum crossing distance, a plastic zone in the landslide traversed by tunneling would be formed with rather large range, which seriously threatens the stability of landslide. This work demonstrates that the minimum safe crossing distance obtained from numerical simulation is in a good agreement with that calculated by the proposed analytical solutions.

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Abbreviations

λ :

Lateral earth pressure coefficient

P :

Load

r :

Polar radius

r 0 :

Radius of tunnel

φ :

Internal friction angle

θ 0 :

Initial angle of the slip line

θ :

Polar angle

l :

Radial disturbance range

S :

Length of relaxed rock zone

H :

Perpendicular distance between tunnel vault and the sliding belt

y max :

Vertical distance between tunnel vault and the sliding belt

T 0, T′0 :

Forces on relaxed rocks from surrounding rocks

q :

Pressure on relaxed rocks from upper rock mass

y 0 :

Maximum distance between compressive zone and sliding belt

α :

Inclination angle of the sliding belt

f :

Friction coefficient of rockmass

X i, X i+1 :

Normal pressures on both sides of the sliding body element i

Y i, Y i+1 :

Shear pressures on both sides of the sliding body element i

W i :

Weight of the sliding body element i

K :

Critical acceleration coefficient

KW i :

Horizontal tectonic stress of the sliding body element i

V i :

Vertical tectonic stress of the sliding body element i

T i :

Shear force imposed on the sliding body element i

N i :

Normal pressure imposed on the sliding body element i

b i :

Projection length in horizontal direction

d i, d i+1 :

Left and right side lengths of the sliding body element i

δ i, δ i+1 :

Included angle between the left/right side of the sliding body element i and vertical direction

α i :

Included angle between the bottom surface of the sliding body element i and horizontal direction

ϕ i j :

Internal fraction angle on the left side of the sliding body element i

φ i :

Internal fraction angle at the bottom of the sliding body element i

c i j :

Cohesion on the left side of the sliding body element i

c i :

Cohesion at the bottom of the sliding body element i

F :

Safety factor

D :

Equivalent diameter of tunnel in numerical model

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51008188), and by Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 15ZR1429400), and by Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering (Grant No. CQSLBF-Y15-1), and by Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Grant No. SKLGP2015K015), and by the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention of Hilly Mountains, Ministry of Land and Resources (Grant No. 2015k005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China

    Zhi-guo Zhang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China

    Zhi-guo Zhang & Qi-hua Zhao

  3. School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Zhi-guo Zhang, Chen Xu & Xiao-yang Xu

  4. Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention of Hilly Mountains, Ministry of Land and Resources, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Zhi-guo Zhang

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  1. Zhi-guo Zhang
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Correspondence to Zhi-guo Zhang.

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Zhang, Zg., Zhao, Qh., Xu, C. et al. Interaction analyses between tunnel and landslide in mountain area. J. Mt. Sci. 14, 1124–1139 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-016-3999-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-016-3999-y

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