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BP neural networks and random forest models to detect damage by Dendrolimus punctatus Walker

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Abstract

The construction of a pest detection algorithm is an important step to couple “ground-space” characteristics, which is also the basis for rapid and accurate monitoring and detection of pest damage. In four experimental areas in Sanming City, Jiangle County, Sha County and Yanping District in Fujian Province, sample data on pest damage in 182 sets of Dendrolimus punctatus were collected. The data were randomly divided into a training set and testing set, and five duplicate tests and one eliminating-indicator test were done. Based on the characterization analysis of the host for D. punctatus damage, seven characteristic indicators of ground and remote sensing including leaf area index, standard error of leaf area index (SEL) of pine forest, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), wetness from tasseled cap transformation (WET), green band (B2), red band (B3), near-infrared band (B4) of remote sensing image are obtained to construct BP neural networks and random forest models of pest levels. The detection results of these two algorithms were comprehensively compared from the aspects of detection precision, kappa coefficient, receiver operating characteristic curve, and a paired t test. The results showed that the seven indicators all were responsive to pest damage, and NDVI was relatively weak; the average pest damage detection precision of six tests by BP neural networks was 77.29%, the kappa coefficient was 0.6869 and after the RF algorithm, the respective values were 79.30% and 0.7151, showing that the latter is more optimized, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05); the detection precision, kappa coefficient and AUC of the RF algorithm was higher than the BP neural networks for three pest levels (no damage, moderate damage and severe damage). The detection precision and AUC of BP neural networks were a little higher for mild damage, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05) except for the kappa coefficient for the no damage level (p < 0.05). An “over-fitting” phenomenon tends to occur in BP neural networks, while RF method is more robust, providing a detection effect that is better than the BP neural networks. Thus, the application of the random forest algorithm for pest damage and multilevel dispersed variables is thus feasible and suggests that attention to the proportionality of sample data from various categories is needed when collecting data.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41501361, 41401385, 30871965), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M630728), the Open Fund of Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring and Sustainable Management and Utilization (No. ZD1403), the Open Fund of Fujian Mine Ecological Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center (No. KS2018005) and the Scientific Research Foundation of Fuzhou University (No. XRC1345).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People’s Republic of China

    Zhanghua Xu, Xuying Huang, Lu Lin & Qianfeng Wang

  2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring and Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming, 365004, People’s Republic of China

    Zhanghua Xu, Jian Liu & Kunyong Yu

  3. Key Lab of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350116, People’s Republic of China

    Zhanghua Xu & Chongcheng Chen

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  1. Zhanghua Xu
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  2. Xuying Huang
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  3. Lu Lin
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  4. Qianfeng Wang
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  5. Jian Liu
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  7. Chongcheng Chen
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Correspondence to Qianfeng Wang.

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Project funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41501361, 41401385, 30871965), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M630728), the Open Fund of Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization (No. ZD1403), the Open Fund of Fujian Mine Ecological Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center (No. KS2018005) and the Scientific Research Foundation of Fuzhou University (No. XRC1345).

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Corresponding editor: Chai Ruihai.

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Xu, Z., Huang, X., Lin, L. et al. BP neural networks and random forest models to detect damage by Dendrolimus punctatus Walker. J. For. Res. 31, 107–121 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-018-0832-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-018-0832-1

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