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Toward Multiscale Model Development for Multiphase Flow: Direct Numerical Simulation of Dispersed Phases and Multiscale Interfaces in a Gas-Stirred Ladle

  • Computational Modeling in Pyrometallurgy
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Abstract

Insights into dispersed phases, such as bubbles and droplets, and multiscale interfaces in a gas-stirred ladle are of great significance to multiphase systems of metallurgical reactors, but are still challenging and not fully understood. A direct numerical simulation of dispersing phases was developed, coupling a sub-grid-scale large-eddy simulation for turbulence in fine grids with local refinement tactics. After validation with experimental data, the model was applied to investigate the bubble formation process at small length scales to understand the mechanism of bubble breakup and coalescence, to reveal the interaction of bubbles with surrounding fluid and the evolution of heterogeneous vortexes structures, to compare transient phenomena and time-averaged behavior, and to resolve the large-scale interface profile and the large number of small droplets formed by the interaction of metal, slag, and gas. The availability of results from the bubble/droplet scale using the current simulations should help advance new closure relations for the average or large-scale flows toward a multiscale model.

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Acknowledgements

Qiang Li acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 52074079, the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities of China under Grant No. N2125018, and the China Scholarship Council (No. 201706085028) as a visiting scholar in Carnegie Mellon University, USA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Heping District, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Qiang Li

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Petrus Christiaan Pistorius

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  1. Qiang Li
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  2. Petrus Christiaan Pistorius
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Correspondence to Qiang Li.

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Li, Q., Pistorius, P.C. Toward Multiscale Model Development for Multiphase Flow: Direct Numerical Simulation of Dispersed Phases and Multiscale Interfaces in a Gas-Stirred Ladle. JOM 73, 2888–2899 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04806-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04806-8

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