Abstract
The a.c. complex impedance spectroscopy technique was used to obtain the electrical parameters of (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 +0.3 wt% Sm2O3 +0.25 wt% LiF lead-free ceramics in a wide frequency range at different temperatures. These samples were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique and their single phase formation was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction technique. Dielectric studies exhibit a diffuse phase transition characterized by a temperature and frequency dispersion of permittivity, and this relaxation has been modelled using the modified Curie–Weiss law. The variation of imaginary part (Z′′) of impedance with frequency at various temperatures shows that the Z′′ values reach a maxima peak (Z \(^{\boldsymbol {\prime \prime }}_{\boldsymbol {\max }}\)) above 400∘C. The appearance of single semicircle in the Nyquist plots (Z′′ vs. Z′) pattern at high temperatures suggests that the electrical process occurring in the material has a relaxation process possibly due to the contribution for bulk material only. The bulk resistance of the material decreases with rise in temperatures similar to that of a semiconductor, and the Nyquist plot showed the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) character of these materials. The frequencies, thermal effect on a.c. conductivity and activation energy have been assessed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jaffe B, Cook W R and Jaffe H 1971 Piezoelectric ceramics (New York: Academic Press)
Yang Z, Chao X and Yang L 2007 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46 6746
Takenaka T, Maruyama K and Sakata K 1991 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30 2236
Chen M, Xu Q, Kim B H, Ahn B K et al 2008 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 28 843
Fu P, Xu Z, Chu R, Li W, Zang G and Hao J Mater. Chem. Phys. 124 (2010) 1065
You H W and Koh J H 2006 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45 6362
Hu T, Jantunen H, Uusimaki A and Leppavuori S 2003 Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 5 215
Lee H R, Yoon K H and Kim E S 2003 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42 6168
Kim S H and Koh J H 2008 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 28 2969
Goda K and Kuwabara M 1991 Ceram. Trans. 22 503
Bidault O, Goux P, Kchikech M, Belkaoumi M and Maglione M 1994 Phys. Rev. B 49 7868
Li W, Chen A P, Lu X U and Zhu J S 2005 J. Appl. Phys. 98 024109
Ang C, Yu Z and Cross L E 2000 Phys. Rev. B 62 228
Archana S, Choudhary R N P and Thakur A K 2009 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 70 1401
Soma D, Choudhary R N P and Sinha P K 2007 Ceram. Int. 33 13
Dygas J R, Fafilek G and Breiter M W 1999 Solid State Ionics 119 115
Uchino K and Nomura S 1982 Ferroelectr. Lett. 44 55
Pilgrim S M, Sutherland A E and Winzer S R 1990 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73 3122
Prasad K 2000 Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 7 446
Barik S K, Choudhary R N P and Mahapatra P K 2007 Appl. Phys. A 88 217
Kumar A, Singh B P, Choudhary R N P and Thakur A K 2006 Mater. Chem. Phys. 99 150
Choudhary R N P, Pradhan D K, Tirado C M, Bonilla G E and Katiyar R S 2007 Physica B 393 31
Suman C K, Prasad K and Choudhary R N P 2005 Adv. Appl. Ceram. 104 294
Suman C K, Prasad K and Choudhary R N P 2006 J. Mater. Sci. 41 369
Kroger F A and Vink H 1956 J. Solid State Phys. 3 307
Jonscher A K 1977 Nature 267 673
Ved P, Dutta A, Choudhary S N and Sinha T P 2007 Mater. Sci. Eng. B 142 98
Sen S, Choudhary R N P and Pramanik P 2007 Physica B 387 56
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
ZIDI, N., CHAOUCHI, A., D’ASTORG, S. et al. Impedance spectroscopy studies on (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 + 0.3 wt% Sm2O3 + 0.25 wt% LiF lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Bull Mater Sci 38, 731–737 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0888-x
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0888-x