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Mixed valence nanostructured Mn3O4 for supercapacitor applications

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Abstract

Nanostructured Mn3O4 with an average crystallite size of ∼19 nm was synthesized through a microwave-assisted chemical route. Structural characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Observed change in the ratio of lattice constants, c/a for the sample compared with single-crystalline Mn3O4 points to the presence of Mn4+ ions at the octahedral sites. This is attributed to the presence of cation vacancies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies confirm the presence of Mn4+ ions. Specific capacitance value of 665.08 F g−1 was obtained for symmetric supercapacitor with Mn3O4 active material at slow scan rate. Reasonably high power and energy density values, viz., 4.27 kW kg−1 and 4.36 × 10−2 Wh kg−1, respectively, were obtained for charge–discharge cycles at a constant current of 12.74 mA cm−2.

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Acknowledgements

Vipin C Bose acknowledges University of Kerala for financial assistance in the form of Junior Research Fellowship. We gratefully acknowledge Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay, India, for TEM analysis. Acknowledgement are also due to Dr M M Shaijumon, Assistant Professor, School of Physics, Indian Institute for Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, India, for Electrochemical analysis and Dr U Kamachi Mudali, Associate Director of Corrosion Science and Technology Group, Indira Gandhi Centre, for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, India for XPS measurements.

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  1. Department of Physics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 581, India

    VIPIN C BOSE & V BIJU

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BOSE, V.C., BIJU, V. Mixed valence nanostructured Mn3O4 for supercapacitor applications. Bull Mater Sci 38, 865–873 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0906-z

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