Scale Up Studies for Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by a Bacillus flexus Strain with Industrial Potential

Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are synthesized by bacteria under unfavourable growth conditions like excess of carbon over nitrogen, coupled with oxygen limitation. The PHA polymers of microbial origin are diverse in chemical composition and material properties. A bioprocess for PHA production by indigenously isolated Bacillus flexus MTCC 12841 was devised and optimized at a laboratory fermentor scale. Fermentation strategies that involved modifications in some parameters like aeration, agitation, temperature, nutrient feeding or changes in C:N ratio led to substantial improvement of 59% in PHA production reaching highest concentration of 9.73 g/L. Biomass too was enhanced to 15.70 g/L equivalent to 126% increase over the optimized shake flask runs. PHA (Yp/s) and biomass (Yx/s) yields were found to be 0.32 and 0.51 g/g respectively, indicating good carbon utilization efficiency. The characterization of polymer by GC–MS revealed that the culture produced poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) as a co-polymer. The novelty of the research findings lies in the demonstration of increased production of PHA at lab fermentor level coupled with the identification of the natural ability of the strain to also produce PHBV without any need for exogenous addition of precursors. The fermentation process as well as the strain may be subjected to further optimization to increase the PHA production as well as to increase the % of HV content in the co-polymer.