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Morphometric analysis of Usri River basin, Chhotanagpur Plateau, India, using remote sensing and GIS

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Abstract

A geomorphic unit Usri drainage basin (latitude: 24° 04′00″ N to 24° 34′00″ N and longitude 86°05′00″E to 86°25′00″E) lies in north-eastern parts of Chhotanagpur Plateau, India, has been selected for morphometric analysis. Digital elevation model (DEM) has been generated by Cartosat stereo pair data at 10-m resolution. The morphometric parameters considered for the analysis includes the linear, areal, and relief aspects of the basin. Morphometric analysis of the river network and the basin revealed that the Usri Basin has sixth-order river network with a dendritic drainage pattern. The dendritic drainage pattern indicates that the basin has homogeneous lithology, gentle regional slope, and lack of structural control. The bifurcation ratio between different successive orders varies but the mean ratio is low that suggests the higher permeability and lesser structural control. The low drainage density, poor stream frequency, and moderately coarse drainage texture values of the basin indicate that the terrain has gentle slope, is made up of loose material, and hence has good permeability of sub-surface material and significant recharge of ground water. The shape parameters indicate that the basin is elongated in shape with low relief, high infiltration capacity, and less water flow for shorter duration in basin. The 50 % of the basin has altitude below 300 m and gently sloping towards the southeast direction. All the morphometric parameters and existing erosional landforms indicated mature to early old stage topography.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to NRSC, Hyderabad and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Allahabad, for providing the data. The first author has debt to IIRS, Dehradun, from where he got training and completed most of the work. The first author is also thankful to UGC, New Delhi, for providing fellowship during this work. We give our sincere thanks to the anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, for their comments and suggestions which helped to improve the earlier version of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India

    Pramod Kumar Pandey & S. S. Das

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  1. Pramod Kumar Pandey
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  2. S. S. Das
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Correspondence to S. S. Das.

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Pandey, P.K., Das, S.S. Morphometric analysis of Usri River basin, Chhotanagpur Plateau, India, using remote sensing and GIS. Arab J Geosci 9, 240 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2287-4

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