Abstract
Earthquake-induced liquefaction increases the pore water pressure, reducing soil stiffness and allowing lateral movement of crust layer above the liquefiable layer, considerably damaging the piles. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate the response of piles under liquefaction using a spectrum-compatible accelerogram corresponding to the maximum credible earthquake for the most severe seismic zone of Indian standards, with finite element model (FEM) in the OpenSees platform. It is predicted that the maximum pile head deflection, bending moment, and shear force is 3.66, 15.31, and 3.09 times that pile responses due to non-liquefied soil condition, respectively. Further, a mitigation technique is proposed using rubber–soil mixture (RSM) around the pile. It is estimated that a 10% reduction in maximum pile head displacement is achieved with 1-m depth RSM layer, while the reduction of 40% and 60% is achieved with RSM depth 2.5m and 4m, respectively. Responses due to proposed FEM modeling in close agreement with that of SAP modeling using the Euler–Bernoulli-beam model.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to extend their gratitude towards National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, for providing help and support in carrying out of his research work.
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• OpenSees Software package, Pacific Earthquake Engineering (PEER) Centre, Berkeley, CA, USA.
• SAP2000 version 14 Computers and Structures, Inc. CSI Analysis Reference Manual. Berkeley, CA, USA.
• Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structure – Part II General Provisions and Buildings. IS 1893 (Part-I): 2016
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SD has made substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data. RPN has been involved in drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Both the authors have read the manuscript and given approval of the version to be published.
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Dutta, S., Nanda, R.P. Finite element analysis of rubber–soil mixture (RSM) for the pile response reduction under liquefaction. Arab J Geosci 14, 1729 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08158-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08158-0