Abstract
Banana (Musaceae) is one of the world’s most important fruit crops that is widely cultivated in tropical countries for its valuable applications in food industry. Its enormous by-products are an excellent source of highly valuable raw materials for other industries by recycling agricultural waste. This prevents an ultimate loss of huge amount of untapped biomass and environmental issues. This review discusses extensively the breakthrough in the utilization of banana by-products such as peels, leaves, pseudostem, stalk and inflorescence in various food and non-food applications serving as thickening agent, coloring and flavor, alternative source for macro and micronutrients, nutraceuticals, livestock feed, natural fibers, and sources of natural bioactive compounds and bio-fertilizers. Future prospects and challenges are the important key factors discussed in association to the sustainability and feasibility of utilizing these by-products. It is important that all available by-products be turned into highly commercial outputs in order to sustain this renewable resource and provide additional income to small scale farming industries without compromising its quality and safety in competing with other commercial products.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdul Aziz NA, Ho LH, Azahari B, Bhat R, Cheng LH, Ibrahim MNM (2011) Chemical and functional properties of the native banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana Colla cv. Awak) pseudostem and pseudostem tender core flours. Food Chem 128:748–753
Adao RC, Gloria MBA (2005) Bioactive amines and carbohydrate shanges during ripening of ‘Prata’ banana (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana). Food Chem 90:705–711
Adejoye OD, Masewonrun O (2009) Growth and yield of Lentinus squarrosulus (M.) Singer a Nigerian edible mushroom as affected by supplements. The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness 8(2) http://www.ispub.com/journal/the_internet_journal_of_nutrition_and_wellness/volume_8_number_1_15/article/growth-and-yield-of-lentinus-squarrosulus-m-singer-a-nigerian-edible-mushroom-as-affected-by-supplements.html [Assessed 2 July 2011]
Adeniran AH, Abiose SH (2009) Amylolytic potentiality of fungi isolated from some Nigerian agricultural wastes. Afr J Biotechnol 8(4):667–672
Adinugraha MP, Marceno DW, Haryadi (2005) Synthesis and characterization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) from Cavendish banana pseudostem (Musa cavendishii LAMBERT). Carbohydr Polym 62:164–169
Ahmed S (2008) Optimization of production and extraction parameters of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase using solid state fermentation. J App Sci Res 4(10):1199–1204
Ahnwange BA (2008) Chemical composition of Musa sapientum (banana) peels. J Food Technol 6(6):263–266
Akinyele BJ, Agbro O (2007) Increasing the nutritional value of plantain wastes by the activities of fungi using the solid state fermentation technique. Res J Microbiol 2(2):117–124
Amarnath R, Balakrishnan V (2007) Evaluation of the banana (Musa paradisiaca) plant by-product’s fermemtantion characteristics to assess their fodder potential. Int J Dairy Sci 2(3):217–225
Ameye LG, Chee WSS (2006) Osteoartritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. Arthrit Res Ther 8:R127
Anirudhan TS, Shibi IG (2007) Preparation of a cation exchanger containing carboxyl groups from banana stalk and its utilization as chelating agent. Infomusa 16(1&2):7–11
Anirudhan TS, Senan P, Unnithan MR (2007) Sorptive potential of a cationic exchange resin of carboxyl banana stem for mercury(II) from aqueous solutions. Sep Purif Technol 52:512–519
Artali R, Beretta G, Morazzoni P, Bombardelli E, Meneghetti F (2009) Green tea catechins in chemoprevention of cancer: a molecular docking investigation into their interaction with glutathione S-transferase (GST P1-1). J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 24(1):287–295
Arvanitoyannis S, Mavromatis A (2009) Banana cultivars, cultivation practices, and physicochemical properties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 49(2):113–135
Asad MJ, Asgher M, Sheikh MA, Sultan JI (2006) Production of Neurospora sitophila cellulases in solid state cultures. J Chem Soc Pak 28(6):590–595
Aseri GK, Jain N, Panwar J, Rao AV, Meghwal PR (2008) Biofertilizers improve plant growth, fruit yield, nutrition, metabolism and rhizosphere enzyme activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in Indian thar dessert. Sci Hortic 117:130–135
Aurore G, Parfait B, Fahrasmane L (2009) Bananas, raw materials for making processed food products. Trends Food Sci Technol 20(2):78–91
Ayodele SM, Okhuoya JA (2007) Cultivation studied on Psathyrella atroumbonata Pegler. A Nigerian edible mushroom on different agro industrial wastes. Int J Bot 3(4):394–397
Bagchi D, Sen CK, Bagchi M, Atalay M (2004) Review: antiangiogenic, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic properties of a novel anthocyanin-rich berry extract formula. Biochem 69:95–102
Baig MMV (2005) Cellulostic enzymes of Trichoderma lignorum produced on banana agro-waste: Optimization of culture medium and conditions. J Sci Ind Res 64:57–60
Baima S (2005) Plant genomics ad plant breeding: at the root of human nutrition and health. Curr Top Nutraceut Res 3(2):95–112
Bakar MA, Natarajan VD, Kalam A, Kudiran NH (2007) Mechanical properties of oil palm fibre reinforced epoxy for building short span bridge. Experimental Analysis Of Nano And Engineering Materials And Structures Proceeding of the 13th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Alexandroupolis, Greece, B, 2T6, pp 97–98
Baraldi R, Isacchi B, Predieri S, Marconi GF, Vincieri F, Bilia AR (2008) Distribution of artemisinin and bioactive flavonoids from Artemisia annua L. during plant growth. Biochem Syst Ecol 36(5–6):340–348
Bastianello SF, Testa RC, Pezzin APT, Silva DAK (2009) Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of handmade recycled papers reinforced with pulp of banana tree or rice straw. Rev Mater 14(4):1172–1178
Belewu MA, Belewu KY (2005) Cultivation of mushroom (Volvariella volvaceae) on banana leaves. Afr J Biotechnol 4(12):1401–1403
Boberga J, Finlay RD, Stenlida J, Nasholm T, Lindahl BD (2008) Glucose and ammonium additions affect needle decomposition and carbon allocation by the litter degrading fungus Mycena epipterygia. Soil Biol Biochem 40:995–999
Bonatti M, Karnopp P, Soares HM, Furlan SA (2004) Evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju nutritional characteristics when cultivated in different lignocellulosic wastes. Food Chem 88:425–428
Bowen-Forbes CS, Zhang Y, Nair MG (2010) Anthocyanin content, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of blackberry and raspberry fruits. J Food Compos Anal 23(6):554–560
Brown N, Venkatasamy S, Khittoo G, Bahorun T, Jawaheer S (2009) Evaluation of genetic diversity between 27 banana cultivars (Musa spp.) in Mauritius using RAPD markers. Afr J Biotechnol 8(9):1834–1840
Chanakya HN, Sharma I, Ramachandra TV (2009) Micro-scale anaerobic digestion of point source components of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Waste Manage 29(4):1306–1312
Chanwitheesuk A, Teerawutgulrag A, Kilburn JD, Rakariyatham (2005) Antimicrobial gallic acid from Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk. Food Chem 100:1044–1048
Chattopadhyay SK, Khandal RK, Uppaluri R, Goshal AK (2010) Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of maleic anhydride-g-polypropylene compatibilized and chemically modified banana-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. J Appl Polym Sci 117(3):1731–1740
Chen J, Wang Q, Hua Z, Du G (2007) Research and application of biotechnology in textile industries in China. Enzyme Microb Technol 40(7):1651–1655
Cherian BM, Pothan LA, Chung TN, Mennig G, Kottaisamy M, Thomas S (2008) A novel method for the synthesis of cellulose nanofibril whiskers from banana fibers and characterization. J Agric Food Chem 56:5617–5627
Clarke WP, Radnidge P, Lai TE, Jensen PD, Hardin MT (2008) Digestion of waste bananas to generate energy in Australia. Waste Manage 28:527–533
Chou CS, Lin SH, Peng CC, Lu WC (2009) The optimin conditions for preparing solid fuel briquette of rice straw by a piston-mold process using the Taguchi method. Fuel Process Technol 90(7–8):1041–1046
Chye FY, Sim KY (2009) Antioxidative and antibacterial activities of Pangium edule seed extracts. Int J Pharmacol 5:285–297
Cordeiro N, Belgacem MN, Chaussy D, Moura JCVP (2005) Pulp and paper properties from dwarf cavendish pseudostems. Cellul Chem Technol 39:517–529
Corma A, Torre O, Renz M, Villandier N (2011) Production of high-quality diesel from biomass waste products. Angew Chem Int Ed 50:2375–2378
Da Mota RV, Lajolo FM, Cordenunsi BR, Ciacco C (2000) Composition and functional properties of banana flour from different varieties. Food Chem 52(2–3):63–68
De Lange E, Vrydaghs L, Maret PE, Perrier X, Denham T (2009) Why bananas matter: an introduction to the history of banana domestication. Ethnobotany Research and Application 7:165–178
Devatkal SK, Kumboj R, Paul D (2011) Comparative antioxidant effect of BHT and water extracts of banana and sapodilla peels in raw poultry meat. J Food Sci Technol. Article in press
Dinchev D, Janda B, Evstatieva L, Oleszek W, Aslani MR, Kostova I (2008) Distribution of steroidal saponins in Tribulus terrestris from different geographical regions. Phytochemistry 69(1):176–186
Dinishi Jayasinghe BAT, Parkinson D (2008) Actinomycetes as antagonists of litter decomposer fungi. Appl Soil Ecol 38:109–118
Doran I, Sen B, Kaya Z (2005) The effects of compost prepared from waste material of banana on the growth, yield and quality properties of banana plants. J Environ Biol 26(1):7–12
Doran-Peterson J, Cook DM, Brandon SK (2008) Microbial conversion of sugars from plant biomass to lactic acid or ethanol. Plant J 54:582–592
Einbond LS, Reynertson KA, Luo XD, Basile MJ, Kennelly EJ (2004) Anthocyanin antioxidants from edible fruits. Food Chem 84:23–28
Elanthikkal S, Gopalakrishnapanicker U, Varghese S, Guthrie J (2010) Cellulose microfibres produced from banana wastes: Isolation and characterization. Carbohydr Polym 80(3):852–859
El-Khishin DA, Belatus EL, El-Hamid AA, Radwan KH (2009) Molecular characterization of banana cultivars (Musa Spp.) from Egypt using AFLP. Res J of Agric Biol Sci 5(3):272–279
El-Meligy MG, El-Zawawy WK, Ibrahim MM (2004) Lignocellulosic composite. Polym Adv Technol 15(12):738–745
Emaga TH, Andrianaivo RH, Wathelet B, Tchango TJ, Paquot M (2007) Effects of the stage of maturation and varieties on the chemical composition of banana and plantain peels. Food Chem 103:590–600
Emaga TH, Roberta C, Ronkart SN, Wathelet B, Paquot M (2008a) Characterization of pectins extracted from banana peels (Musa AAA) under different conditions using an experimental design. Food Chem 108:463–471
Emaga TH, Roberta C, Ronkart SN, Wathelet B, Paquot M (2008b) Dietary fibre components and pectin chemical features of peels during ripening in banana and plantain varieties. Biores Technol 99(10):4346–4354
Essien JP, Akpan EJ, Essien EP (2005) Studies on mould growth and biomass production using waste banana peel. Biores Technol 96:1451–1456
Fan G, Han Y, Gu Z, Chen D (2007) Optimizing conditions for anthocyanins extractions from purple sweet potato using reponse surface methodology (RSM). LWT- Food Sci Technol 41(1):155–160
FAO (2010a) FAOSTAT: Banana Production by Countries 2010 http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx [Assessed 27 May 2012]
FAO (2010b) FAOSTAT: Total World Banana Production 2010 http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor [Assessed 27 May 2012]
Faried A, Kurnia D, Faried LS, Usman N, Miyazaki T, Kato H, Kuwano H (2007) Anticancer effects of gallic acid isolated from Indonesian herbal medicine, Phaleria macrocarpa (Schedd.) Boerl, on human cancer cell lines. Int J Oncol 30:605–613
Codex FC (1996) Revised monograph—sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board, Washington, pp 1–3
Gigot C, Ongena M, Fouconnier ML, Wathelet JP, Du Jardin P, Thonart P (2010) The lipooxygense metabolic pathway in plants: potential for industrial production of natural green leaf volatiles. Biotechnol Agron Soc Environ 14(3):451–460
González-Montelongo R, Lobo MG, González M (2010) Antioxidant activity in banana peel extracts: testing extraction conditions and related bioactive compounds. Food Chem 119(13):1030–1039
Goswami T, Kalita D, Rao PG (2005) Greaseproof paper from banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) pulp fiber. Indian J Chem Technol 15:457–461
Gulati OP, Ottaway PB (2006) Legislation relating to nutraceuticals in the European Union with a particular focus on botanical-sourced products. Toxicology 221:75–87
Hahn-Hägerdal B, Galbe M, Gorwa-Grauslund MF, Lidén G, Zacchi G (2006) Bio-ethanol—the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today. Trends Biotechnol 24(12):549–556
Hameed BH, Mahmoud DK, Ahmad AL (2008) Sorption equilibrium and kinetics of basic dye from aqueous solution using banana stalk waste. J Hazard Mater 158(2–3):499–506
Heslop-Harrisons JS, Swarzacher T (2007) Domestication, genomics and the future for banana. Ann Bot 100:1073–1084
Hill J, Nelson E, Tilman D, Polasky S, Tiffany D (2006) Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(30):11206–11210
Ho VSM, Wong JH, Ng TB (2007) Thaumatin-like antifungal protein from the emperor banana. Peptides 28:760–766
Hoeger S, Gottmann U, Liu Z, Schnuelle P, Birck R, Braun C, Van Der Woude FJ, Yard BA (2007) Dopamine treatment in brain dead rats mediates anti-inflammatory effects: the role of hemodynamic and D-receptor stimulation. Transpl Int 20(9):790–799
Hong KJ, Lee CH, Kim SW (2004) Aspergillus oryzae GB-107 fermentation improves nutritional quality of food soybean and feed soybean meals. J Med Food 7(4):430–435
Ibrahim MM, Dufresne A, El-Zawawy WK, Agblevor FA (2010) Banana fibers and microfibrils as lignocellulosic reinforcements in polymer composites. Carbohydr Polym 81:811–819
Idicula M, Neelakantan NR, Oommen Z, Joseph K, Thomas S (2005) A study of the mechanical properties of randomly oriented short banana and sisal hybrid fiber reinforced polyester composites. J Appl Polym Sci 96(5):1699–1709
Jacob N, Prema P (2008) Novel process for the simultaneous extraction and degumming of banana fibers under solid state cultivation. Braz J Microbiol 32:320–326
Jagan S, Ramakrishnan GP, Anandakumar KS, Davaki T (2008) Antiproliferative potential of gallic acid against diethylnitrosamine-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 319:51–59
Jayathilakan K, Sultana K, Radhakrisna K, Bawa AS (2012) Utilization of byproducts and waste materials from meat, poultry and fish processing industries: a review. J Food Sci Technol 29(3):278–293
Jannah M, Mariatti M, Abu Bakar A (2008) Effect of chemical surface modifications on the properties of woven banana-reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. J Reinf Plas Compos 28(12):1519–1532
Jenshi RJ, Saravanakumar M, Aravinthan KM, Suganya Devi P (2011) Antioxidant analysis of anthocyanin extracted from Musa acuminata bract. J Pharm Res 4(5):1488–1492
Jing YT, Chin LL, Keat TL, Kok TT, Bhatia S (2010) Banana biomass as potential renewable energy resource: a Malaysian case study. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14(2):798–805
John M, Anandjiwala RD (2009) Surface modification and preparation techniques for textile materials. Surface modification of textiles, Woodhead Pub. Ltd, Cambridge, pp.1–25
Joshi RV (2007) Low calorie biscuits from banana peel pulp. J Solid Waste Technol Manage 33(3):142–147
Karlsen A, Retterstol L, Laake P, Paur I, Kjolsrud-Bohn S, Sandvik L, Blomhoff R (2007) Anthocyanins inhibit nuclear factor-xB activation in monocytes and reduce plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators in healthy adults. J Nutr 137:1951–1954
Kennedy J (2009) Bananas and people in the homeland of genus Musa: not just pretty fruit. Ethnobotany Research and Application 7:179–197
Kitdamrongsont K, Pothavorn P, Swangpol S, Wongniam S, Atawongsa K, Svasti J, Somana J (2008) Anthocyanin composition of wild bananas in Thailand. J Agric Food Chem 56:10853–10857
Konzack I, Zhang W (2004) Anthocyanins-More than nature’s colors. J Biomed Biotechnol 5:239–240
Kulma A, Szopa J (2007) Catecholamines are active compounds in plants. Plant Sci 172(3):433–440
Kumar D, Tanwar VK (2011) Effects of incorporation of ground mustard on quality attributes of chicken nuggets. J Food Sci Technol 48(6):759–762
Kumar U (2006) Agricultural products and by-products as a low cost adsorbent for heavy metal removal from water and wastewater: a review. Sci Res Essays 1(2):033–037
Kumudavally KV, Tabassum A, Radhakrishna K, Bawa AS (2011) Effect of ethanolic extract of clove on the keeping quality of fresh mutton during storage at ambient temperature (25±2°C). J Food Sci Technol 48(4):466–471
Kuo JM, Hwang A, Yeh DB, Pan MH, Tsai ML, Pan BN (2006) Lipoxygenase from banana leaf: purification and characterization of an enzyme that catalyzes linoleic acid oxygenation and the 9-position. J Agric Food Chem 54:3151–3156
Laroche A (2007) Biotechnology and medicinal plants. In: Acharya SN, Thomas JE (eds) Advances in medicinal plant research. Research Signpost, Kerala, pp 339–356
Lew LC, Bhat R, Mat Easa A, Liong MT (2011) Development of probiotic carriers using microbial Transglutaminase-crosslinked Soy Protein Isolate incorporated with agrowastes. J Sci Food Agric 91(8):1406–1415
Lima GPP, Da Rocha SA, Takaki M, Ramos PRR, Ono EO (2008) Comparison of polyamine, phenol and flavonoid contents in plants grown under conventional and organic methods. Int J Food Sci Technol 43(10):1838–1843
Lu Z, Nie G, Belton PS, Tang H, Zhao B (2005) Structure-activity relationship analysis of antioxidant ability and neuroprotective effect of gallic acid derivatives. Neurochem Int 48:263–274
Luque-Ortega JR, Martinez S, Saugar JM, Izquerdo LR, Abad T, Luis JG, Pinero J, Valladares B, Rivas L (2004) Fungus-elicited metabolites from plants as an enriched source for new leishmanicidal agents: Antifungal phenyl-phenalenone phytoalexins from the banana plant (Musa acuminata) target mitochondria of Leishmania donovani promastigotes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48(5):1534–1540
Madhav A, Pushpalatha PB (2002) Characterization of pectin extracted from different fruit waste. J Trop Agric 40:53–55
Maleque MA, Belal FY, Sapuan SM (2005) Mechanical properties study of pseudo-stem banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite. Arab J Sci Eng 32(2B):359–364
Mandel SA, Limor Kalfon TA, Reznichenko L, Youdim MBH (2008) Targeting multiple neurodegenerative diseases etiologists with multimodal-acting green tea catechins. J Nutr 138:1578–1583
Mane VP, Patil SS, Syed AA, Baig MMV (2007) Bioconversion of low quality lignocellulosic waste into edible protein by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) singer. J Zhejiang Univ (Sci B) 8(10):745–751
Mani S, Tabil LG, Sokhansanj S (2006) Effects of compressive force, particle size and moisture content on mechanical properties of biomass pallets from grasses. Biomass Bioenergy 30(7):648–654
Manikandan K, Saravanan V, Viruthagiri T (2008) Kinetics studies on ethanol production from banana peel waste using mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indian J Biotechnol 7:83–88
Marie-Magdeleine C, Limea L, Etienne T, Lallo CHO, Archimede H, Alexandre G (2009) The effects of replacing Dichantium hay with banana (Musa paradisiaca) leaves and pseudostem in carcass traits of Ovin Martinik sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 41:1531–1538
Mas Harris MR, Sathasivam K (2009) The removal of methyl red from aqueous solutins using banana pseudostem fibers. Am J Appl Sci 6(9):1690–1700
Matekaire T, Mupangwa JF, Kanyamura EF (2005) The efficacy of banana plant (Musa paradisiaca) as a coccidiostat in rabbits. Int J Appl Res Vet Med 3(4):326–331
Mattos LA, Amorim EP, Cohen KO, Amorim TB, Oliveira S (2010) Agronomic, physical and chemical characterization of banana fruits. Crop Breed Appl Biotechnol 10:225–231
Memon JR, Memon SQ, Bhanger I, Khuhawar MY (2008) Banana peel: a green and economical sorbent for Cr(III) removal. Pak J Anal Environ Chem 9(1):20–25
Memon JR, Memon SQ, Bhanger I, El-Turki A, Hallam KR, Allen GC (2009a) Banana peel: a green and economical sorbent for the selective removal of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater. Colloids Surf B 70:232–237
Memon JR, Memon SQ, Bhanger I, El-Turki A, Memon GZ, Allen GC (2009b) Characterization of banana peel by scanning electron microscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy and its use for cadmium removal. Colloids Surf B 66:260–265
Mena-Espino X, Barahona-Perez F, Alzate-Gaviria L, Rodriguez-Vazquez R, Tzec-Sima M, Dominguez-Maldonado J, Canto-Canche BB (2011) Saccharification with Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus enzymatic extracts of pretreated banana waste. Afr J Biotechnol 10(19):3824–3834
Mertens-Talcott SU, Rios J, Jilma-Stohlawetz P, Pacheco-Palencia LA, Meibohm B, Talcott ST, Derendorf H (2008) Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and antioxidant effects after the consumption of anthocyanin-rich acai juice and pulp (Euterpe oleraceaMart.) in human healthy volunteers. J Agric Food Chem 56(17):7796–7802
Metcheva R, Yurukova L, Bezrukov V, Beltcheva M, Yankov Y, Dimitrov K (2010) Trace and toxic elements accumulation on food chain representatives at Livingston Island (Antartica). Int J Biol 2(1):155–161
Miller MR, Nichols PD (2008) The digestibility and accumulation of dietary phytosterols in atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolt fed with diets with replacement plant oils. Lipids 43:549–557
Mire M, Mlayah BB, Delmas M, Bravo R (2005) Formic acid/acetic acid pulping of banana stem (Musa Cavendish). Appita J 58(5):393–396
Mohammadi IM (2006) Agricultural waste management extension education (AWMEE) The ultimate need for intellectual productivity. Am J Environ Sci 2(1):10–14
Mohanty AK, Misra M, Drzal LT (2002) Sustainable bio-composites from renewable resources: opportunities and challenges in the green materials. World J Polym Environ 10(1/2):19–26
Mohapatra D, Mishra S, Sutar N (2010) Banana and its by-product utilization: an overview. J Sci Ind Res 69:323–329
Mokbel MS, Hashinaga F (2005) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of banana (Musa AAA cv. Cavendish) fruit peels. Am J Biochem Biotechnol 1(3):125–131
Moruisi KG, Oosthuizen W, Opperman M (2006) Phytosterols/Stanols lower cholesterol concentrations on familial hypercholesterolemic subjects: A systematic review with meta analysis. J Am Coll Nutr 25(1):41–48
Nelson SC, Ploetz RC, Kepler AK (2006) Musa species (bananas and plantains), ver. 2.2. In: Elevitch CR (ed) Species profiles for pacific island agroforestry. Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Hōlualoa, Hawai‘i. http://www.traditionaltree.org [20 July 2011]
Noeline BF, Manohar DM, Anirudhan TS (2005) Kinetic and equilibrium modeling of Lead(II) sorption from water and wastewater by polymerized banana stem in a batch reactor. Sep Purif Technol 45:131–140
Ogunsile BO, Omotoso MA, Onilude MA (2006) Comparative Soda Pulps from the Mid-Rib Pseudostem and Stalk of Musa paradisiaca. J Biol Sci 6(6):1047–1052
Oliveira L, Evtuguin DV, Cordeiro N, Silvestre AJD, Silva AMS, Torres IC (2006) Structural characterization of lignin from leaf sheaths of “Dwarf cavendish” banana plant. J Agric Food Chem 54:2598–2605
Oliveira L, Cordeiro N, Evtuguin D, Torresa IC, Silvestre AJD (2007) Chemical composition of different morphological parts from ‘Dwarf Cavendish’ banana plant and their potential as a non-wood renewable source of natural products. Ind Crop Prod 26:163–172
Oliveira L, Freire CSR, Silvestre AJD, Cordeiro N (2008) Lipohilic extracts from banana fruit residues: a source of valuable phytosterols. J Agric Food Chem 56:9520–9524
Oliveira L, Freire CSR, Silvestre AJD, Cordeiro N, Torres IC, Evtuguin D (2005) Steryl glucosides from banana plant Musa acuminata Colla var Cavendish. Ind Crops Prod 22(3):187–192
Ooi CC, Siddiqui KM (2000) Characteristics of some biomass briquettes prepared under modest die pressure. Biomass Bioenerg 18(3):220–228
Osma JF, Toca Herrera JL, Rodriguez Couto S (2007) Banana skin: A novel waste for laccase production by Trametes pubescens under solid-state conditions. Application to synthetic dye decolouration. Dyes Pigm 75(1):32–37
Otalvaro F, Nanclares J, Vásquez LE, Quiñones W, Echeverri F, Arango R, Schneider B (2007) Phenalenone-type compounds from Musa acuminata var. “Yangambi km 5” (AAA) and their activity against Mycosphaerella fijiensis. J Nat Prod 70(5):887–890
Ozela EF, Stringheta PC, Chauca MC (2007) Stability of anthocyanin in spinach vine (Basella rubra) fruits Cien. Inv Agr 34(2):115–120
Padam BS, Tin HS, Chye FY, Abdullah MI (2012a) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts of Banana (Musa paradisiacal cv Mysore) Inflorescence. J Biological Sci 12(2):62–73
Padam BS, Tin HS, Chye FY, Abdullah MI (2012b). Inhibitory activity of semi-purified banana inflorescence (Musa paradisiaca cv. Mysore) extract on foodborne pathogens in juice model. In Proceedings International Conference on Food Science and Nutrition (ICFSN 2012). Sutera Pacific Hotel, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. 1–4 April 2012. p 584–596
Paepatung N, Nopharatana A, Songkasiri W (2009) Bio-methane potential of biological solid materials and agricultural as wastes. Asian J Energ Environ 10(01):19–27
Panis B (2009) Cryopreservation of Musa germplasm, 2nd edn. Technical Guidelines No. 9. In: Engelmann F, Benson E (eds) Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
Park D, Lim SR, Yun YS, Park JM (2008) Development of a new Cr(VI)-biosorbent from agricultural biowaste. Biores Technol 99:8810–8818
Pazmino Duran EA, Giusti MM, Wrolstad RE, Gloria MBA (2001) Anthcyanins from banana bract (Musa x paradisiacal) as potential food colorant. Food Chem 73(3):327–332
Pelissari FM, Andrade-Mahecha MM, Sobral PJA, Menegalli FC (2012) Isolation and characterization of the flour and starch of plantain bananas (Musa paradisiaca). Starch/Stärke 64:382–391
Phirke NV, Kothari RM (2005) Conservation and recycling of banana orchard waste: the need of time for Indian banana growers. Ecol Environ Conserv 11:211–218
Pillay P, Ramaswamy K (2012) Effect of naturally occurring antimicrobials and chemical preservatives on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus. J Food Sci Technol 49(2):228–233
Pimentel D, Patzek TW (2005) Ethanol production using corn, switchgrass and wood; Biodiesel production using soybean and sunflower. Nat Resour Res 14(1):65–76
Pliszka B, Huszcza-Ciokowska G, Wierzbicka E (2008) Effects of extraction conditions on the content of anthocyanins and bioelements in berry fruit extracts. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 39(5 & 6):753–762
Ploetz RC, Kepler AK, Daniells J, Nelson SC (2007) Banana and plantain—an overview withemphasis on Pacific island cultivars, ver. 1. In: Elevitch CR (ed) Species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry. Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Hōlualoa
Quintana G, Velasquez J, Betancourt S, Ganan P (2008) Binderless fiberboard from steam exoloded banana bunch. Ind Crops Prod 29(1):60–66
Racette SB, Lin X, Lefevre M, Spearie CA, Most MM, Ma L, Ostlund RE Jr (2010) Dose effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism: a controlled feeding study. Am J Clin Nutr 91(1):32–38
Ragasa CY, Martinez AT, Chua JEY, Rideout JA (2007) A triterpene from Musa errans. Philipp J Sci 136(2):167–171
Ragunathan R, Swaminathan K (2005) Growth and amylase production by Aspergillus oryzae during solid state fermentation using banana waste as substrate. J Environ Biol 26(4):653–656
Raina K, Rajamanickam S, Deep G, Singh M, Agarwal R, Agarwal C (2008) Chemopreventive effects of oral gallic acid feeding on tumor growth and progression in TRAMP mice. Mol Cancer Ther 7:1258–1267
Raposo S, Pardao JM, Diaz I, Lima-Costa ME (2009) Kinetic modelling of bioethanol production using agro-industrial by-products. Int J Energ Environ 1(3):1–8
Rappert S, Muller R (2005) Odor compounds in waste gas emissions from agricultural operations and food industries. Waste Manage 25:887–907
Reddy N, Yang YQ (2005) Biofibers from agricultural by-products for industrial applications. Trends Biotechnol 23(1):22–27
Reddy HKY, Srijana M, Reddy MD, Reddy G (2009) Co-culture fermentation of banana agro-waste to ethanol by cellulolytic thermophilic Clostridium thermocellum CT2. Afr J Biotechnol 9(13):1926–1934
Rivera-Cruz MC, Narcia AT, Ballona GC, Kohler J, Caravaca F, Antonio R (2008) Poultry manure and banana wastes are effective biofertilizer carriers for promoting plant growth and soil sustainability in banana crops. Soil Biol Biochem 40:3092–3095
Rosentrater K, Todey D, Persyn R (2009) Quantifying total and sustainable agricultural biomass resources in South Dakota—A preliminary assessment. Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Journal of Scientific Research and Development Manuscript 1059–1058–1
Rymbai H, Sharma RR, Srivastav M (2011) Biocolorants and its implications in health and food industry. Int J Pharmtech Res 3(4):2228–2244
Sapuan SM, Harun N, Abbas KA (2007) Design and fabrication of a multipurpose table using a composite of epoxy and banana pseudostem fibres. J Trop Agric 45(1–2):66–68
Saravanan K, Aradhya SM (2011) Polyphenols of pseudostem of different banana cultivars and their antioxidant activities. J Agric Food Chem 59(8):3613–3623
Savastano HJ, Santos SF, Radonjic M, Soboyejo WO (2009) Fracture and fatigue of natural fiber-reinforced cementitious composites. Cement Concr Compos 31:232–243
Saxena RC, Adhikari DK, Goyal HB (2009) Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(1):167–178
Seyis I, Aksoz N (2005) Xylanase production from Trichoderma harzianum 1073 D3 with alternative carbon and nitrogen sources. Food Technol Biotechnol 43(1):37–40
Shafique S, Asgher M, Sheik MA, Asad MJ (2004) Solid state fermentation of banana stalk for exoglucanase production. Int J Agric Biol 3(3):488–491
Shah MP, Reddy GP, Banerjee R, Ravindra Babu P, Kothari IL (2005) Microbial degradation of banana waste under solid state bioprocessing using two lignocellulolytic fungi (Phylosticta spp. MPS-001 and Aspergillus spp. MPS-002). Process Biochem 40:445–451
Shan B, Cai Y, Brooks JD, Corke H (2008) Antibacterial properties of Polygonum cuspidatum roots and their major bioactive constituents. Food Chem 109:530–537
Shah S, Saravanan R, Gajbhiye NA (2010) Phytochemical and physiological changes in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) under soil moisture stress. Braz J Plant Physiol 22(4):255–261
Shankar SK, Mulimani VH (2007) α-Galactosidase production by Aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation. Biores Technol 98(4):958–961
Silveira MLL, Furlan SA, Ninow JL (2008) Development of an alternative technology for the oyster mushroom production using liquid inoculum. Ciênc Tecnol Aliment 28(4):858–862
Sim EY, Wu TY (2010) The potential reuse of biodegradable municipal solid wastes (MSW) as feedstocks in vermicomposting. J Sci Food Agric 90(13):2153–2162
Singh SK, Kesari AN, Rai PK, Watal G (2007) Assessment of glycemic potential of Musa paradisiaca stem juice. Indian J Clin Biochem 22(2):48–52
Sotannde OA, Oluyege AO, Abah GB (2009) Physical and combustion properties of charcoal briquettes from neem wood residues. Int Agrophysics 24:189–194
Sruamsiri S (2007) Agricultural wastes as dairy feed in Chiang Mai. Anim Sci J 78(4):335–341
Subbaraya U (2006) Potential and constraints of using wild Musa. In: Farmers’ knowledge of wild Musa in India. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, pp 33–36
Sudha ML, Vetrimani R, Leelavathi K (2007) Influence of fibre from different cereals on the rheological characteristics of wheat flour dough and on biscuit quality. Food Chem 100(4):1365–1370
Teo CH, Tan SH, Ho CH, Faridah OZ, Othman YR, Heslop-Harrison JS, Kalendar R, Schulman AH (2005) Genome constitution and classification using retrotransposon-based markers in the orphan crop banana. J Plant Biol 48(1):96–105
Tin HS, Padam BS, Chye FY, Abdullah MI (2008) Screening of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of banana (Musa spp) by-products: a potential source of natural bio-preservatives. In: Proceeding of the 30th Symposium of Malaysian Society for Microbiology, 16th–19th August, Kuantan, Malaysia
Tin HS, Padam BS, Chye FY, Abdullah MI (2010) Study on the potential of antimicrobial compounds from banana/plantain by-products against foodborne pathogens. In: National Biotechnology Seminar, 24th–26th May, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tiwari BK, Valdramidis VP, O’Donnel CP, Muthukumarappan K, Bourke P, Cullen PJ (2009) Application of natural antimicrobials for food preservation. J Agric Food Chem 57:5987–6000
Torslangerpoll K, Andersen OM (2005) Color stability of anthocyanins in aquous solutions at various pH. Food Chem 89(3):427–440
Ukoima HN, Ogbonnaya LO, Arikpo GE, Ikpe FN (2009) Cultivation of mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) on various farm wastes in obubra local government of Cross River State, Nigeria. Pak J Nutr 8(7):1059–1061
Ulloa JB, Weerd JH, Huisman EA, Varreth JAJ (2004) Tropical agricultural residues and their potential uses in fish feeds: the Costa Rican situation. Waste Manage 24(1):87–97
Uma S, Kalpana S, Sathiamoorthy KV (2005) Evaluation of commercial cultivars of banana (Musa) for their suitability for the fiber industry. Plant Genetic Research Newsletter 142:29–35
Uyen NN, Schnitzer H (2009) Sustainable solutions for solid waste management in Southeast Asian countries. Waste Manage 29:1982–1995
Vidhya R, Neethu V (2009) Agroindustrial banana wastes as inexpensive substrate for citric acid production by Aspergillus niger. Res J Biotechnol 4(3):51–55
Vijay VK, Chandra R, Subbarao PMV, Kapdi SS (2006) Biogas purification and bottling into CNG cylinders: Producing bio-CNG from biomass for rural automotive applications. The 2nd Joint Int. Conference on “Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE 2006)” 21st–23rd November, Bangkok, Thailand, C-003 (O):1–6
Wan Rosli WD, Law KN, Zainuddin Z, Asro R (2007) Effect of pulping variables on the characteristics of oil-palm frond-fiber. Biores Technol 93(3):233–240
Wang X, Jia W, Zhao A, Wang X (2006) Anti-influenza agents from plants and traditional Chinese medicine. Phytother Res 20(5):335–341
Wang LS, Dombkowski AA, Seguin C, Rocha C, Cukovic D, Mukundan A, Henry C, Stoner GD (2011) Mechanistic basis for the chemopreventive effects of black raspberries at a late stage of rat esophageal carsinogenesis. Mol Carcinog 50(4):291–300
Wang Y, Zhang M, Mujumdar AS (2012) Influence of green banana flour substitution for cassava starch on the nutrition, color, texture and sensory quality in two types of snacks. LWT- Food Sci Technol 47(1):175–182
Weingärtner O, Lütjohann D, Ji S, Weisshoff N, List F, Sudhop T, Bergmann K, Gertz K, König J, Schäfers HJ, Endres M, Böhm M, Laufs U (2008) Vascular effects of diet supplementation with plant sterols. J Am Coll Cardiol 51(6):1553–1561
Wilaipon P (2007) Physical characteristics of maize cob briquette under moderate die pressure. Am J App Sci 4:995–998
Wilaipon P (2009) The effects of briquetting Pressure on banana peel briquettes and the banana waste in northern Thailand. Am J Appl Sci 6(1):167–171
Wong JY, Chye FY (2009) Antioxidant properties of selected tropical wild edible mushrooms. J Food Compos Anal 22:269–277
Xu YX, Hanna MA, Isom L (2008) “Green” Chemicals from renewable agricultural biomass—a mini review. Open Agr J 2:54–61
Yabaya A, Ado SA (2008) Mycelial protein production by Aspergillus niger using banana peels. Sci World J 3(4):9–12
Yim HS, Chye FY, Rao V, Low JY, Matanjun P, How SE, Ho CH (2011) Optimization of extraction time and temperature on antioxidant activity of Schizophyllum commune aqueous extract using response surface methodology. J Food Sci Technol. Article in press
Zainol N, Abdul Rahman R (2008) Anaerobic cellulose recovery from banana stem waste. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of the IET Brunei Darussalam Network, 26–27 May
Zamudio-Flores PB, Vargas-Torres A, Perez-Gonzalez J, Bosquez-Molina E, Bello-Perez LA (2006) Films prepared with oxidized banana starch: mechanical and barrier properties. Starch 58:274–282
Zhang P, Whistler RL, BeMiller JN, Hamaker BR (2005) Banana starch: production, physicochemical properties and digestibility—a review. Carbohydr Polym 59:443–458
Zheng J, Ding C, Wang L, Li G, Shi J, Li H, Wang H, Suo Y (2011) Anthocyanins composition and antioxidant activity of wild Lycium ruthenicum Murr. from Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Food Chem 126(3):859–865
Zuluaga R, Putaux JL, Cruz J, Vélez J, Mondragon I, Ganan P (2009) Cellulose microfibrils from banana rachis: effect of alkaline treatments on structural and morphological features. Carbohydr Polym 76(1):51–59
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia for the Science Fund (02-01-10-SF0061). The technical support given by the Agriculture Department of Sabah is greatly appreciated.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Padam, B.S., Tin, H.S., Chye, F.Y. et al. Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential. J Food Sci Technol 51, 3527–3545 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0861-2
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0861-2