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A successful biorefinery approach of macroalgal biomass as a promising sustainable source to produce bioactive nutraceutical and biodiesel

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Abstract

This study aimed to utilize four types of macroalgal biomass with a zero-waste biorefining concept for co-production of bioactive polysaccharide and biodiesel. The polysaccharide of macroalgal biomass obtained from Ulva spp., Sargassum spp., Cladophora spp., and Spirogyra spp. was extracted and partially purified by water-alcohol precipitation. The partially purified polysaccharide showed high antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH and ABTS with IC50 values of 3.50–37.31 mg/mL and 0.86–8.91 mg/mL, respectively, and high antiproliferative activity on human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 with IC50 values of 0.66–12.20 mg/mL, while the antityrosinase activity was observed only Sargassum spp. and Cladophora spp. at 60.59% and 14.16%, respectively, at 10 mg/mL of tested polysaccharide extract. Interestingly, rare sugar including tagatose, psicose, and allose in polysaccharide were found to be 0.88–28.69 mg in 1 g of polysaccharide extract. After polysaccharide extraction, the macroalgal biomass residue was used to extract lipid prior to biodiesel production by acid-catalyzed transesterification. The extracted lipids of 3.09–10.05% were mainly composed of C16–C18 (>84%), and their biodiesel qualities were also satisfactory according to international requirements of biodiesel. It is expected that biorefinery approach will contribute greatly to zero-waste industrialization of macroalgal biomass-based bioactive nutraceuticals and biofuels.

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Acknowledgements

This research work was partially supported by the Chiang Mai University, Thailand. We thank Ms. Arpapat Jawana for technical assistance. The authors would like to thank Dr. Steve Jones and Dr. Emma Taylor for assistance with the English.

Funding

This research work was partially supported by the Chiang Mai University, Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Khomsan Ruangrit, Supakit Chaipoot, Rewat Phongphisutthinant & Kritsana Duangjan

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Kittiya Phinyo, Jeeraporn Pekkoh & Sirasit Srinuanpan

  3. Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Itthipon Jeerapan

  4. Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Itthipon Jeerapan

  5. Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Jeeraporn Pekkoh

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  1. Khomsan Ruangrit
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Correspondence to Jeeraporn Pekkoh or Sirasit Srinuanpan.

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Ruangrit, K., Chaipoot, S., Phongphisutthinant, R. et al. A successful biorefinery approach of macroalgal biomass as a promising sustainable source to produce bioactive nutraceutical and biodiesel. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 1089–1099 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01310-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01310-6

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