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Smart Materials Selection for Thermal Energy Efficient Architecture

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Energy crisis and increasing demand for green energy to acute pollution has forced the engineers, architects and scientists to adapt green materials for structural applications. In this context, conventional building materials are extensively investigated using life cycle estimations, thermodynamic models, CO2 emissions, and energy demands and many other criteria. Selection of smart materials for thermal energy efficient architecture on the bases of various thermo-physical properties (density (ρ), thermal conductivity (K) and specific heat capacity (Cp)) in relation to the engineering requirements (energy stored (QS), energy density (Q′), rate of heat transfer (q), utilization factor (η) and mechanical load) is a crucial as well as a tedious task. In this context, we have employed quality function deployment (QFD) in combination with VlseKriterijumska Optimisacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) technique to determine the ranks and rank indices (degree of closeness) of important materials. The weights of thermo-physical properties of materials for hot (ρ: 17.72%; Cp: 45.14%; K: 37.14%) and cold weather (ρ: 29.32%; Cp: 65.42%; K: 5.26%) applications are depicted using QFD. Our results enlighten that low conductivity materials should be preferred for hot areas applications while for cold areas the scenario is reversed. Furthermore, wood and asphalt sheet are found to be the best materials for hot and cold areas, respectively.

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Abbreviations

C m :

Cost of material

C p :

Specific heat capacity

K :

Thermal conductivity

P r :

QFD priorities

q :

Rate of heat transfer

Q EV :

Losses due to enhanced ventilation or internal cooling

Q IG :

Internal gains due to appliances and human heat

Q S :

Heat stored in material

Q SG :

Solar heat gain

Q SH :

Net heat of the controlled space

Q TL :

Transmission losses between surroundings and the control surface or control surface and the system

Q V :

Heat loss covers ventilation losses

Q′ :

Energy density

W j :

QFD weights

V :

Volume

η :

Utilization factor

ρ :

Density

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Acknowledgements

One of the author (Rahul Vaish) acknowledges the support from Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi, through a grant by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India under the INSPIRE faculty award-2011 (ENG-01).

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  1. School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175001, India

    Gaurav Vats & Rahul Vaish

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  1. Gaurav Vats
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Correspondence to Rahul Vaish.

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Vats, G., Vaish, R. Smart Materials Selection for Thermal Energy Efficient Architecture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. A Phys. Sci. 89, 11–21 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40010-017-0364-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40010-017-0364-7

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