Abstract
In this work, Sol gel method was used to prepare polypropylene nanocomposites; some different types of the nanoparticles (clay, ZnO, SiO2 and TiO2) and different concentration (1, 5 and 10 wt%) were used to control on the attraction forces of water droplets on surfaces of polypropylene nanocomposites. The prepared polypropylene nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, SEM, dielectric constant, contact angle, wetting energy, spreading coefficient and work of adhesion measurements. Experimental results deduced that clay and ZnO nanoparticles reduce the dielectric constant of polypropylene, while SiO2 and TiO2 increase this value. It has been reported that the wettability of the prepared nanocomposites is reduced by increasing certain nanoparticles ratio, which indicate the ability of the obtained nanocomposites for packaging and battery cases applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Saujanya, S. Radhakrishnan, Structure development and crystallization behaviour of PP/nanoparticulate composite. Polymer 42(16), 6723–6731 (2001)
S. Mishra, S.H. Sonawane, R.P. Singh, A. Bendale, K. Patil, Effect of nano-Mg(OH)2 on the mechanical and flame-Retarding properties of polypropylene composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 94, 116–122 (2004)
M.Q. Zhang, M.Z. Rong, H.B. Zhang, R.K. Fried, Mechanical properties of low nano-silica filled high density polyethylene composites. Polym. Eng. Sci. 43(2), 490–500 (2003)
J.P. He, H.M. Li, Z.Y. Wang, Y. Gao, In situ preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) SiO2 nanocomposites. Eur. Polym. J. 42, 1128–1134 (2006)
M. Alexandre, P. Dubois, Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Mater. Sci. Eng. Rep. 28(1–2), 1–63 (2000)
J. Yang, Y. Lin, J. Wang, Mingfang Lai, Jing Li, J. Liu et al., Morphology, thermal stability, and dynamic mechanical properties of atactic polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 98, 1087–1091 (2005)
B. Hada, G. Zhaoxia, Y. Jian, Electrical resistivity, crystallization and mechanical properties of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube/calcium carbonate composites prepared by melt mixing. Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 27(3), 393–398 (2009)
X. Hesheng, W. Qi, L. Kanshe, H. GuoHua, Preparation of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composite powder with a solid-state mechanochemical pulverization process. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 93, 378–386 (2004)
K. Prashantha, J. Soulestin, M.F. Lacrampe, M. Claes, G. Dupin, P. Krawczak, Multiwalled carbon nanotube filled polypropylene nanocomposites based on masterbatch route: improvement of dispersion and mechanical properties through PP-g-MA addition. Express Polym. Lett. 10(2), 735–745 (2008)
T. Yong, H. Yuan, S. Lei, Z. Ruowen, G. Zhou, C. Zuyao et al., Preparation and thermal stability of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 82, 127–131 (2003)
M. Pralay, H.N. Pham, O. Masami, H. Naoki, U. Arimitsu, Influence of crystallization on intercalation, morphology, and mechanical properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites. Macromolecules 35, 2042–2049 (2002)
C.A. Charitidis, P. Georgiou, M.A. Koklioti, A.-F. Trompeta, V. Markakis, Manufacturing nanomaterials: from research to industry. Manufact. Rev. EDP Sci. 1, 11 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2014009
J.H. Lee, Y.G. Jeong, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 115, 1039 (2010)
D.R. Paul, L.M. Robeson, Polymer 49, 3187 (2008)
C. McClory, S.J. Chin, T. McNally, Aust. J. Chem. 62, 762 (2009)
M.H. Jee, J.S. Lee, J.Y. Lee, Y.G. Jeong, D.H. Baik, Fibers Polym. 11, 1 (2010)
A.A. Ebnalwaled, A. Thabet, Controlling the optical constants of PVC nanocomposite films for optoelectronic applications. Synth. Met. J. 220, 374–383 (2016)
D.W. Schaefer, R.S. Justice, Macromolecules 40, 8501 (2007)
E.S. Trofimchuk, E.A. Nesterova, I.B. Meshkov, N.I. Nikonorova, A.M. Muzafarov, N.P. Bakeev, Macromolecules 40, 9111 (2007)
S. Alavi, S. Thomas, K.P. Sandeep, N. Kalarikkal, J. Varghese, S. Yaragalla. Polymers for Packaging Applications, Apple Academic Press Inc. (2015)
S.D.F. Mihindukulasuriya, L.-T. Lim, Nanotechnology development in food packaging: a review. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 40, 149–167 (2014)
J.M. Nieuwenhuis, H.B. Haanstra, Micro fractography of thin films. Philips. Tech. Rev. 27, 87–911 (1966)
B. Lewis, D.S. Campbell, Nucleation and initial growth behaviour of thin films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 4, 209–218 (1967)
N.G. Nakhodkin, A.I. Shaldervan, Effect of vapor incidence angles on profile and properties of condensed films. Thin Solid Films 10, 109–122 (1972)
A.G. Dirks, H.J. Leany, Columnar microstructure in vapor-deposited thin films. Thin Solid Films 47, 219–233 (1977)
H. Van Kranenburg, C. Lodder, Tailoring growth and local composition by oblique-incidence deposition: a review and new experimental data. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Rep. 11, 295–354 (1994)
J.K. Kwan, J.C. Sit, High sensitivity Love-wave humidity sensors using glancing angle deposited thin films. Sens. Actuat.B 8 173, 164 (2012)
J.K. Kwan, J.C. Sit, Acoustic wave liquid sensors enhanced with glancing angle deposited thin films. Sens. Actuat. 181, 715 (2013)
R. Tadmor, Line energy and the relation between advancing, receding and Young contact angles. Langmuir 20(18), 7659–7664 (2004)
Y. Murakami, M. Nemoto, S. Okuzumi, S. Masuda, M. Nagao, N. Hozumi, Y. Sekiguchi, DC conduction and electrical breakdown of MgO/LDPE nanocomposite. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 15, 33–39 (2008)
E. Andreassen, Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Polypropylene (Kluwer Publishers, Dordrecht, 1999)
F. Zeng, J. Chen, F. Yang, J. Kang, Y. Cao, M. Xiang, Effects of polypropylene orientation on mechanical and heat seal properties of polymer–aluminum–polymer composite films for pouch lithium-ion batteries. Mater. (Basel) 11(1), 144 (2018)
M.K. Pal, J. Gautam, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 111, 689–701 (2013)
R. Gregorio Jr., R.C. Captão, J. Mater. Sci. 35, 299 (2000)
A. Thabet, A.A. Ebnalwaled, Improvement of surface energy properties of PVC nanocomposites for enhancing electrical applications. Measurement 110, 78–83 (2017)
B. Bera, M.H.G. Duits, M.A.C. Stuart, D. van den Ende, F. Mugele, Surfactant induced autophobing. Soft Matter 12, 4562–4571 (2016)
D. Qu, R. Suter, S. Garoff, Surfactant self-assemblies controlling spontaneous dewetting. Langmuir 18, 1649–1654 (2002)
P.J. Scales, F. Grieser, T.W. Healy, Electrokinetics of the muscovite mica-aqueous solution interface. Langmuir 6, 582–589 (1990)
L. Yang, J. Chen, Y. Guo, Z. Zhang, Surface modification of a biomedical polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by air plasma. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255(8), 4446–4451 (2009)
S. Bronco, M. Bertoldo, E. Taburoni, C. Cepek, M. Sancrotti, The effects of cold plasma treatments on LDPE wettability and curing kinetic of a polyurethane adhesive. Macromol. Symp. 218, 71–80 (2004)
C. Arpagaus, A. Rossi, P.R. von Rohr, Short-time plasma surface modification of HDPE powder in a Plasma Downer Reactor—process, wettability improvement and ageing effects. Appl. Surf. Sci. 252(5), 1581–1595 (2005)
I. Novak, S. Florian, Investigation of long-term hydrophobic recovery of plasma modified polypropylene. J. Mater. Sci. 39(6), 2033–2036 (2004)
I. Novak, V. Pollak, I. Chodak, Study of surface properties of polyolefins modified by corona discharge plasma. Plasma Process. Polym. 3(4–5), 355–364 (2006)
A.J. Siddiqa, K. Chaudhury, B. Adhikari, Hydrophilic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) films for cell adhesion and proliferation. Res. Rev. J. Med. Org. Chem. 1(1), 43 (2015)
R.M. Sanchis, O. Calvo, L.S. Nchez, D. Garcia, R. Balart, Enhancement of wettability in low density polyethylene films using low pressure glow discharge N2 plasma. J. Polym. Sci., Part B Polym. Phys. 45, 2390–2399 (2007)
A. Thabet, Experimental Investigation on Thermal Electric and Dielectric Characterization for Polypropylene Nanocomposites Using Cost-fewer Nanoparticles. Int. J. Electr. Eng. Technol 4(2), 1–12 (2013). ISSN 0976–6545(Print), ISSN 0976–6553(Online)
A. Thabet, Y.A. Mubarak, Predictable models and experimental measurements for electric properties of polypropylene nanocomposite films. Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 6(1), 120–129 (2016)
A. Thabet, Experimental study for effects of cost-fewer nanoparticles on dielectric performance of polypropylene nanocomposites. Int. J. Electron. Electr. Eng. (IJEEE) 4(2), 134–139 (2016)
Acknowledgements
The present work was supported by Nanotechnology Research Center at Aswan University that is established by aided the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF), Egypt, Grant No. Project ID 505, 2009–2011. Water surface tension measurements were done in Electronics and Nano Devices lab, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mohamed, A.T., Ahmed, K.E.A. Controlling on Attraction Forces of Water Droplets on Surfaces of Polypropylene Nanocomposites. Trans. Electr. Electron. Mater. 19, 387–395 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42341-018-0054-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42341-018-0054-4