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2000 | Buch

Structure and Synthesis of PID Controllers

verfasst von: Aniruddha Datta, PhD, Ming-Tzu Ho, PhD, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya, PhD

Verlag: Springer London

Buchreihe : Advances in Industrial Control

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Über dieses Buch

In many industrial applications, the existing constraints mandate the use of controllers of low and fixed order while typically, modern methods of optimal control produce high-order controllers. The authors seek to start to bridge the resultant gap and present a novel methodology for the design of low-order controllers such as those of the P, PI and PID types. Written in a self-contained and tutorial fashion, this book first develops a fundamental result, generalizing a classical stability theorem – the Hermite–Biehler Theorem – and then applies it to designing controllers that are widely used in industry. It contains material on:

• current techniques for PID controller design;

• stabilization of linear time-invariant plants using PID controllers;

• optimal design with PID controllers;

• robust and non-fragile PID controller design;

• stabilization of first-order systems with time delay;

• constant-gain stabilization with desired damping

• constant-gain stabilization of discrete-time plants.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. Overview of Control Systems
Abstract
In this chapter we give a quick overview of control theory, explaining why integral feedback control works, describing PID controllers and summarizing modern optimal and robust control theory. This background will serve, as an introduction to control for the nonspecialist and also to motivate our results on PID control, presented in subsequent chapters.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
2. Some Current Techniques for PID Controller Design
Abstract
The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller structure is the most widely used one in industrial applications. The controller has three tuning parameters which are often tuned by trial and error. Over the past decades, several PID tuning methods have been developed for industrial use. Most of these tuning techniques are based on simple characterizations of stable process dynamics, for instance, the characterization by a first order model with deadtime. There is an extensive amount of literature on PID tuning methods. For a comprehensive survey on tuning methods of PID controllers, we refer the reader to [2] and the references therein. In this chapter, we give an introductory discussion of some well-known PID tuning formulas.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
3. The Hermite-Biehler Theorem and Its Generalization
Abstract
The classical Hermite-Biehler Theorem and our generalization of it will be described in this chapter. These results will be crucial in our characterization of stabilizing PID controllers.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
4. Stabilization of Linear Time-invariant Plants Using PID Controllers
Abstract
In this chapter we utilize the Generalized Hermite-Biehler Theorem to give a solution to the problem of feedback stabilization of a given linear time-invariant (LTI) plant by a PID controller. The solution so obtained gives a constructive condition for existence and also characterizes the entire family of stabilizing controllers in terms of a linear programming (LP) problem. Some applications of this characterization are also discussed.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
5. Optimal Design Using PID Controllers
Abstract
In this chapter, we show how the characterization of all stabilizing PID controllers obtained in the last chapter can be used to design PID controllers which optimize various performance indices. The design procedure, which is essentially a search over the stabilizing set, is demonstrated using numerical examples. The performance of the optimal PIDs is also compared, wherever appropriate, to that of the corresponding unconstrained order optimal designs.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
6. Robust and Non-fragile PID Controller Design
Abstract
In this chapter, we provide a solution to the problem of robustly stabilizing a given interval plant family using a PID controller. In addition, we show how such a design can be made “non-fragile” in the space of the controller coefficients.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
7. Stabilization of First-order Systems with Time Delay
Abstract
In this chapter, we first consider the problem of stabilizing a first-order plant with dead time using a constant gain controller. Using a version of the Hermite-Biehler Theorem applicable to quasipolynomials, a complete analytical characterization of all stabilizing gain values is provided as a closed form solution. A similar approach is then used to tackle the problem of stabilizing a first-order plant with time delay using a PI controller.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
8. Constant Gain Stabilization with Desired Damping
Abstract
In this chapter, we derive a generalization of the Hermite-Biehler Theorem applicable to polynomials with complex coefficients. This result allows us to solve the problem of constant gain stabilization while achieving a desired degree of damping.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
9. Constant Gain Stabilization of Discrete-time Plants
Abstract
In this chapter we generalize the Hermite-Biehler Theorem to the case of the unit circle. This result is then used to characterize the set of all stabilizing gains for a discrete-time plant.
Aniruddha Datta, Ming-Tzu Ho, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Structure and Synthesis of PID Controllers
verfasst von
Aniruddha Datta, PhD
Ming-Tzu Ho, PhD
Shankar P. Bhattacharyya, PhD
Copyright-Jahr
2000
Verlag
Springer London
Electronic ISBN
978-1-4471-3651-4
Print ISBN
978-1-84996-889-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3651-4