Skip to main content

2010 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Online Handwriting Recognition for Indic Scripts

verfasst von : A. Bharath, Sriganesh Madhvanath

Erschienen in: Guide to OCR for Indic Scripts

Verlag: Springer London

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Online handwriting recognition refers to the problem of machine recognition of handwriting captured in the form of pen trajectories. The recognition technology holds significant promise for Indic scripts, given that the Indic languages are used by a sixth of the world’s population, and the greater ease of use of handwriting-based text input for these scripts compared to keyboard-based methods. Even though the recognition of handwritten Devanagari, Bangla, and Tamil has received significant attention in recent times, one may say that research efforts directed at Indic script recognition in general are in their early stages. The structure of the scripts and the variety of shapes and writing styles pose challenges that are different from other scripts and hence require customized techniques for feature representation and recognition. In this chapter, we describe the challenges in recognizing online handwriting in Indic scripts and provide an overview of the state of the art for isolated character and word recognition. We then present in brief some of the promising applications, starting with handwriting-based text input systems (IMEs) that have been built for entering Indic scripts. In the last section, we provide a few pointers to resources such as tools and data sets that are currently available for online Indic script recognition research. endabstract

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Tappert, C., Suen, C., Wakahara, T.: State of the Art in On-Line Handwriting Recognition.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 12(8) (1990) 787–808CrossRef Tappert, C., Suen, C., Wakahara, T.: State of the Art in On-Line Handwriting Recognition.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 12(8) (1990) 787–808CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Plamondon, R., Srihari, S.N.: Online and Off-Line Handwriting Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 22(1) (2000) 63–84CrossRef Plamondon, R., Srihari, S.N.: Online and Off-Line Handwriting Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 22(1) (2000) 63–84CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, C.L., Jaeger, S., Nakagawa, M.: Online Recognition of Chinese Characters: The State-of-the-Art. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 26(2) (2004) 1489–1500 Liu, C.L., Jaeger, S., Nakagawa, M.: Online Recognition of Chinese Characters: The State-of-the-Art. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 26(2) (2004) 1489–1500
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Jaeger, S., Liu, Nakagawa, M.:The State of the Art in Japanese On-Line Handwriting Recognition Compared to Techniques in Western Handwriting Recognition. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) 6(2) (2003) 75–88CrossRef Jaeger, S., Liu, Nakagawa, M.:The State of the Art in Japanese On-Line Handwriting Recognition Compared to Techniques in Western Handwriting Recognition. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) 6(2) (2003) 75–88CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Coulmas, F.: The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Blackwell, Oxford (1996) Coulmas, F.: The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Blackwell, Oxford (1996)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Mudur, S.P., Nayak, N., Shanbhag, S., Joshi, R.K.: An Architecture for the Shaping of Indic Texts. Computers & Graphics 23(1) (1999) 7–24CrossRef Mudur, S.P., Nayak, N., Shanbhag, S., Joshi, R.K.: An Architecture for the Shaping of Indic Texts. Computers & Graphics 23(1) (1999) 7–24CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Bharath, A., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: An Approach to Identify Unique Styles in Online Handwriting Recognition. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005) Bharath, A., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: An Approach to Identify Unique Styles in Online Handwriting Recognition. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Swethalakshmi, H., Jayaraman, A., Chakravarthy, V.S., Sekhar, C.C.: Online Handwritten Character Recognition of Devanagari and Telugu Characters using Support Vector Machines. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006) Swethalakshmi, H., Jayaraman, A., Chakravarthy, V.S., Sekhar, C.C.: Online Handwritten Character Recognition of Devanagari and Telugu Characters using Support Vector Machines. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Jayaraman, A., Sekhar, C.C., Chakravarthy, V.S.: Modular Approach to Recognition of Strokes in Telugu Script. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Jayaraman, A., Sekhar, C.C., Chakravarthy, V.S.: Modular Approach to Recognition of Strokes in Telugu Script. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Aparna, K.H., Subramanian, V., Kasirajan, M., Prakash, G.V., Chakravarthy, V.S., Madhvanath, S.: Online Handwriting Recognition for Tamil. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004) Aparna, K.H., Subramanian, V., Kasirajan, M., Prakash, G.V., Chakravarthy, V.S., Madhvanath, S.: Online Handwriting Recognition for Tamil. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Swethalakshmi, H.: Online Handwritten Character Recognition for Devanagari and Tamil Scripts Using Support Vector Machines. Master’s thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India (October 2007) Swethalakshmi, H.: Online Handwritten Character Recognition for Devanagari and Tamil Scripts Using Support Vector Machines. Master’s thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India (October 2007)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Babu, V.J., Prasanth, L., Sharma, R.R., Rao, G.V.P., Bharath, A.: HMM-Based Online Handwriting Recognition System for Telugu Symbols. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Babu, V.J., Prasanth, L., Sharma, R.R., Rao, G.V.P., Bharath, A.: HMM-Based Online Handwriting Recognition System for Telugu Symbols. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S., Ramakrishnan, A.G.: Principal Component Analysis for Online Handwritten Character Recognition. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2004), Cambridge, UK (August 2004) Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S., Ramakrishnan, A.G.: Principal Component Analysis for Online Handwritten Character Recognition. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2004), Cambridge, UK (August 2004)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Madhvanath, S.: Tamil Handwriting Recognition Using Subspace and DTW Based Classifiers. In: 11th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP 2004), Calcutta, India (November 2004) Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Madhvanath, S.: Tamil Handwriting Recognition Using Subspace and DTW Based Classifiers. In: 11th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP 2004), Calcutta, India (November 2004)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Madhvanath, S.: Comparison of Elastic Matching Algorithms for Online Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004) Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Madhvanath, S.: Comparison of Elastic Matching Algorithms for Online Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Madhvanath, S., Lucas, S.M.: IWFHR 2006 Online Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition Competition. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006) Madhvanath, S., Lucas, S.M.: IWFHR 2006 Online Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition Competition. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: Machine Recognition of Online Handwritten Devanagari Characters. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005) Joshi, N., Sita, G., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: Machine Recognition of Online Handwritten Devanagari Characters. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: Genetically Evolved Transformations for Rescaling Online Handwritten Characters. In: IEEE India Annual Conference (INDICON 2004), Kharagpur, India (December 2004) Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S.: Genetically Evolved Transformations for Rescaling Online Handwritten Characters. In: IEEE India Annual Conference (INDICON 2004), Kharagpur, India (December 2004)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Toselli, A.H., Pastor, M., Vidal, E.: On-Line Handwriting Recognition System for Tamil Handwritten Characters. In:Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg (July 2007) 370–377CrossRef Toselli, A.H., Pastor, M., Vidal, E.: On-Line Handwriting Recognition System for Tamil Handwritten Characters. In:Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg (July 2007) 370–377CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Prasanth, L., Babu, V.J., Sharma, R.R., Rao, G.V.P., Dinesh, M.: Elastic Matching of Online Handwritten Tamil and Telugu Scripts Using Local Features. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Prasanth, L., Babu, V.J., Sharma, R.R., Rao, G.V.P., Dinesh, M.: Elastic Matching of Online Handwritten Tamil and Telugu Scripts Using Local Features. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Sundaram, S., Ramakrishnan, A.G.: A Novel Hierarchical Classification Scheme for Online Tamil Character Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Sundaram, S., Ramakrishnan, A.G.: A Novel Hierarchical Classification Scheme for Online Tamil Character Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Sundaresan, C.S., Keerthi, S.S.: A Study of Representations for Pen Based Handwriting Recognition of Tamil Characters. In: 5th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 1999), Bangalore, India (September 1999) Sundaresan, C.S., Keerthi, S.S.: A Study of Representations for Pen Based Handwriting Recognition of Tamil Characters. In: 5th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 1999), Bangalore, India (September 1999)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Rao, P.V.S., Ajitha, T.M.: Telugu Script Recognition – A Feature Based Approach. In: 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 1995), Montreal, Canada (August 1995) Rao, P.V.S., Ajitha, T.M.: Telugu Script Recognition – A Feature Based Approach. In: 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 1995), Montreal, Canada (August 1995)
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Connell, S.D., Sinha, R.M.K., Jain, A.K.: Recognition of Unconstrained On-Line Devanagari Characters. In: 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2000), Barcelona, Spain (September 2000) Connell, S.D., Sinha, R.M.K., Jain, A.K.: Recognition of Unconstrained On-Line Devanagari Characters. In: 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2000), Barcelona, Spain (September 2000)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Ranade, A., Ranade, M.: Devanagari Pen-Written Character Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications (ADCOM 2001), Bhubaneshwar, India (December 2001) Ranade, A., Ranade, M.: Devanagari Pen-Written Character Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications (ADCOM 2001), Bhubaneshwar, India (December 2001)
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Niels, R., Vuurpijl, L.: Dynamic Time Warping Applied to Tamil Character Recognition. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005) Niels, R., Vuurpijl, L.: Dynamic Time Warping Applied to Tamil Character Recognition. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (August–September 2005)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Kunte, R.S.R., Samuel, R.D.S.: On-Line Character Recognition System for HandWritten Characters/Script with Bilingual Facility Employing Neural Classifiers and Wavelet Features. In: International Conference on Knowledge Based Computer Systems (KBCS 2000), Mumbai, India (December 2000) Kunte, R.S.R., Samuel, R.D.S.: On-Line Character Recognition System for HandWritten Characters/Script with Bilingual Facility Employing Neural Classifiers and Wavelet Features. In: International Conference on Knowledge Based Computer Systems (KBCS 2000), Mumbai, India (December 2000)
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhattacharya, U., Gupta, B.K., Parui, S.K.: Direction Code Based Features for Recognition of Online Handwritten Characters of Bangla. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Bhattacharya, U., Gupta, B.K., Parui, S.K.: Direction Code Based Features for Recognition of Online Handwritten Characters of Bangla. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Balaji, R., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S., Prabhakaran, J.: Handwritten Gesture Recognition for Gesture Keyboard. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006) Balaji, R., Deepu, V., Madhvanath, S., Prabhakaran, J.: Handwritten Gesture Recognition for Gesture Keyboard. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006)
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Vinciarelli, A.: A Survey on Off-Line Cursive Word Recognition. Pattern Recognition 35(7) (2002) 1433–1446MATHCrossRef Vinciarelli, A.: A Survey on Off-Line Cursive Word Recognition. Pattern Recognition 35(7) (2002) 1433–1446MATHCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Lecolinet, E., Baret, O.: Cursive Word Recognition: Methods and Strategies. In: Fundamentals in Handwriting Recognition. Springer-Verlag, New York (1994) 235–263 Lecolinet, E., Baret, O.: Cursive Word Recognition: Methods and Strategies. In: Fundamentals in Handwriting Recognition. Springer-Verlag, New York (1994) 235–263
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Steinherz, T., Rivlin, E., Intrator, N.: Offline Cursive Script Word Recognition – A Survey. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) 2(2–3) (1999) 90–110 Steinherz, T., Rivlin, E., Intrator, N.: Offline Cursive Script Word Recognition – A Survey. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) 2(2–3) (1999) 90–110
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Madhvanath, S., Govindaraju, V.: The Role of Holistic Paradigms in Handwritten Word Recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 23(2) (2001) 149–164CrossRef Madhvanath, S., Govindaraju, V.: The Role of Holistic Paradigms in Handwritten Word Recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 23(2) (2001) 149–164CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Madduri, K., Aparna, K.H., Chakravarthy, V.S.: PATRAM – A Handwritten Word Processor for Indian Languages. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004) Madduri, K., Aparna, K.H., Chakravarthy, V.S.: PATRAM – A Handwritten Word Processor for Indian Languages. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004)
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Krishna, A., Prabhu, G., Bali, K., Madhvanath, S.: Indic Scripts Based Online Form Filling – A Usability Exploration. In: 11th International Conference on Human–Computer Interaction (HCII 2005), Las Vegas, USA (July 2005) Krishna, A., Prabhu, G., Bali, K., Madhvanath, S.: Indic Scripts Based Online Form Filling – A Usability Exploration. In: 11th International Conference on Human–Computer Interaction (HCII 2005), Las Vegas, USA (July 2005)
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Bharath, A., Madhvanath, S.: Hidden Markov Models for Online Handwritten Tamil Word Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007) Bharath, A., Madhvanath, S.: Hidden Markov Models for Online Handwritten Tamil Word Recognition. In: 9th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007), Curitiba, Brazil (September 2007)
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Balasubramanian, A.: Document Annotation and Retrieval Systems. Master’s Thesis, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India (2006) Balasubramanian, A.: Document Annotation and Retrieval Systems. Master’s Thesis, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India (2006)
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Baker, P., Hardie, A., McEnery, T., Cunningham, H., Gaizauskas, R.: EMILLE, A 67-Million Word Corpus of Indic Languages: Data Collection, Mark-up and Harmonisation. In: 3rd International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2002), Canary Islands, Spain (May 2002) Baker, P., Hardie, A., McEnery, T., Cunningham, H., Gaizauskas, R.: EMILLE, A 67-Million Word Corpus of Indic Languages: Data Collection, Mark-up and Harmonisation. In: 3rd International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2002), Canary Islands, Spain (May 2002)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat The Unicode Consortium: The Unicode Standard Version 5.0. Addison Professional, MA (2006) The Unicode Consortium: The Unicode Standard Version 5.0. Addison Professional, MA (2006)
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Manohar, P.: The Multimodal Interaction for the Computer: An Application-Independent Approach. Master’s Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India (2006) Manohar, P.: The Multimodal Interaction for the Computer: An Application-Independent Approach. Master’s Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India (2006)
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Barthelmess, P., Kaiser, E., McGee, D.: Toward Content-Aware Multimodal Tagging of Personal Photo Collections. In: 9th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI 2007), Nagoya, Japan (November 2007) Barthelmess, P., Kaiser, E., McGee, D.: Toward Content-Aware Multimodal Tagging of Personal Photo Collections. In: 9th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI 2007), Nagoya, Japan (November 2007)
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Prasad, A., Prashant, A., Borgaonkar, S.: Guided Handwriting: Predictive Writing Input Method Environment. Internal Technical Report, HP Labs India (December 2005) Prasad, A., Prashant, A., Borgaonkar, S.: Guided Handwriting: Predictive Writing Input Method Environment. Internal Technical Report, HP Labs India (December 2005)
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Manish Kumar: Compact Stylus-Based Input Method for Indic Scripts. Diploma Thesis, National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, India (2007) Manish Kumar: Compact Stylus-Based Input Method for Indic Scripts. Diploma Thesis, National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, India (2007)
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Srinivas, N.K., Varghese, N., Raman, R.K.V.S.: IndicDasher: A Stroke and Gesture Based Input Mechanism for Indic Scripts. In: Workshop on Intelligent User Interfaces for Developing Regions (IUI4DR 2008), Canary Islands, Spain (January 2008) Srinivas, N.K., Varghese, N., Raman, R.K.V.S.: IndicDasher: A Stroke and Gesture Based Input Mechanism for Indic Scripts. In: Workshop on Intelligent User Interfaces for Developing Regions (IUI4DR 2008), Canary Islands, Spain (January 2008)
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Bharath, A., Madhvanath, S.: Recognition of Eyes-Free Handwriting Input for Pen and Touch Interfaces. In: 11th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR 2008), Montreal, Canada (August 2008) Bharath, A., Madhvanath, S.: Recognition of Eyes-Free Handwriting Input for Pen and Touch Interfaces. In: 11th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR 2008), Montreal, Canada (August 2008)
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S.: Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts. In: 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2004), Lisbon, Portugal (May 2004) Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S.: Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts. In: 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2004), Lisbon, Portugal (May 2004)
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar, A., Balasubramanian, A., Namboodiri, A., Jawahar, C.V.: Model-Based Annotation of Online Handwritten Datasets. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006) Kumar, A., Balasubramanian, A., Namboodiri, A., Jawahar, C.V.: Model-Based Annotation of Online Handwritten Datasets. In: 10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006)
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S., Kumar, M.N.S.S.K.P., Balasubramanian, A., Jawahar, C.V.: Representation and Annotation of Online Handwritten Data. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004) Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S., Kumar, M.N.S.S.K.P., Balasubramanian, A., Jawahar, C.V.: Representation and Annotation of Online Handwritten Data. In: 9th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2004), Tokyo, Japan (October 2004)
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Agrawal, M., Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S.: Data Collection for HandWriting Corpus Creation in Indic Scripts. In: International Conference on Speech and Language Technology and Oriental COCOSDA (ICSLT-COCOSDA 2004), New Delhi, India (November 2004) Agrawal, M., Bhaskarabhatla, A.S., Madhvanath, S.: Data Collection for HandWriting Corpus Creation in Indic Scripts. In: International Conference on Speech and Language Technology and Oriental COCOSDA (ICSLT-COCOSDA 2004), New Delhi, India (November 2004)
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Guyon, I., Schomaker, L., Plamondon, R., Liberman, M., Janet, S.: UNIPEN Project of Online Data Exchange and Recognizer Benchmarks. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 1994), Jerusalem, Israel (October 1994) Guyon, I., Schomaker, L., Plamondon, R., Liberman, M., Janet, S.: UNIPEN Project of Online Data Exchange and Recognizer Benchmarks. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 1994), Jerusalem, Israel (October 1994)
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Agrawal, M., Bali, K., Madhvanath, S., Vuurpijl, L.: UPX – A New XML Representation for Annotated Datasets of Online Handwriting Data. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (October 2005) Agrawal, M., Bali, K., Madhvanath, S., Vuurpijl, L.: UPX – A New XML Representation for Annotated Datasets of Online Handwriting Data. In: 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), Seoul, Korea (October 2005)
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Madhvanath, S., Deepu, V., Kadiresan, T.M.: Lipitk: A Generic Toolkit for Online Handwriting Recognition. In:10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006) Madhvanath, S., Deepu, V., Kadiresan, T.M.: Lipitk: A Generic Toolkit for Online Handwriting Recognition. In:10th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), La Baule, France (October 2006)
Metadaten
Titel
Online Handwriting Recognition for Indic Scripts
verfasst von
A. Bharath
Sriganesh Madhvanath
Copyright-Jahr
2010
Verlag
Springer London
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-330-9_11