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2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

6. Liberty and Just Deserts: Slaves, Dynasties, and Moral Agents

verfasst von : Joseph de la Torre Dwyer

Erschienen in: Chance, Merit, and Economic Inequality

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

As the reader might fear that the Just Deserts proposal runs roughshod over individual liberty in an effort to redistribute, this chapter addresses two potential objections. First, many modern liberals are perfectly comfortable with taxes but reject lump-sum endowment taxes as described in the last chapter—allegedly this constitutes illegitimate coercion or force in a way that typical income taxes do not. Second, conservative libertarians generally argue that, today, only outcomes agreed to by valid consent by each individual may produce distributive justice. Thus, this chapter further clarifies the scope of individual endowment in order to overcome the liberal objection and further shows that we may adjust the canonical parameters to guarantee that no individual is ever “coerced” to earn more than they would choose under a laissez-faire policy. The chapter then sketches an argument that conservative libertarianism provides dynasties, not individuals, with freedom while unearthing the luck-egalitarian side of Locke and undercutting Nozick’s appropriation rule due to its indeterminacy.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Efficiency and Just Deserts: Economists’ Big Trade-Off

Nächstes Kapitel Economy and Desert

Otsuka (2003), 2.

Sadurski (1985), 123.

For this view of liberty, cf. Sugin (2011).

My criticism applies equally to “Lovely” and “Lonely.” Van Parijs (1995), 64.

Note in all cases, pace Sher, that it is irrelevant whether “most people” have a set of tastes or distastes, but it is Laurel’s endowment (tastes and talent) that is “morally significant.” Sher (1987), 108.

Pace Anderson, the principle of desert is strictly devoid of paternalism but there is nothing forbidding us from supplementing a principle of desert with one of sufficiency. Anderson (1999); One may notice this solution resembles that of Fleurbaey, “Min Egalitarian-Equivalence.” Fleurbaey (2008), 115.

Technically, Nozick states three axioms but I find them equivalent to one. Putting it in more economic terms, it is singularly by looking at flows that we can determine whether stocks are just. Nozick (2013), 151.

Taking a more extreme stance than Nozick, Hayek states that the distribution of economic resources via market mechanisms is not even a subject of justice. “There can be no distributive justice where no one distributes.” Hayek (1978), 58.

Gibbard (1976); Grunebaum (1987); Cohen (1995); Roemer (1996).

Nozick (2013), 166.

McLeay et al. (2014).

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Roemer (1996), 207.

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Piketty (2014), 351.

Olsaretti (2004), 91.

Locke (1997 (1689)), secs. 25–51.

For example, Locke famously finds liberty even in the absence of autonomous effort. Locke (1690), bk. II, chapter XXI.

Locke (1997 (1689)), sec. 27.

Also, cf. Steiner (2009).

Vallentyne (2000), 5.

Nozick (2013), 175.

“For on reflection it is seen that no labor really ‘produces’ any material thing, but only adds to its value...” Sidgwick (1999), 51; for a similar suggestion, cf. Brody (2000), 35–36.

Otsuka (2003), chap. 1.

Vallentyne (2000), 8–10.

Sadurski (1985), 123.

Gibbard (2000), 25–26.

Of course, a judgement of “worse off” always depends upon the chosen comparator and there are other comparators beyond the Lockean proviso. Lamont (1997), 29.

Otsuka (2003), 120.

Rawls (1999 (1971)), 89.

Cf. Pojman and McLeod (1999), 5.

26 U.S. Code § 63 - Taxable Income Defined. 2000.

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Titel: Liberty and Just Deserts: Slaves, Dynasties, and Moral Agents
verfasst von: Joseph de la Torre Dwyer
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Chance, Merit, and Economic Inequality
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21125-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-21126-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21126-4_6