Skip to main content

2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Notes on Tractor Calculi

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

These notes present elementary introduction to tractors based on classical examples, together with glimpses towards modern invariant differential calculus related to vast class of Cartan geometries, the so-called parabolic geometries.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
Here u ⋅ h is multiplication in G and h −1 ⋅ v is the left-action of H or G on \(\mathbb {V}\) given by the chosen representation.
 
2
We know that μ a must be of weight 1 because covariant differentiation does not alter weights and σ is already of weight 1.
 
3
Recall that \(\pi \colon \mathcal {A}\mathcal {M} \to TM \) is the projection from sequence (2.​38).
 
4
We iterate the first jet prolongation. Considering the first jets of sections of a bundle \(\mathcal W\), the jets in a fiber of \(J^1(J^1\mathcal W)\) look in coordinates as 4-tuples \((y^p,y^p_i,Y^p_j,Y^p_{ij})\) were \(Y^p_{ij}\) do not need to be symmetric. These are the non-holonomic 2-jets. The semi-holonomic ones remove part of the redundancy by requesting that the two natural projections to 1-jets coincide, i.e., \(y^p_i=Y^p_i\). This construction extends to all orders and the semi-holonomic jets look in coordinates nearly as the holonomic ones, just losing the symmetry of the derivatives. See, e.g., [17] for detailed exposition.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat T.N. Bailey, M.G. Eastwood, A. Rod Gover, Thomas’s structure bundle for conformal, projective and related structures, Rocky Mountain J. Math., 24 (1994), 1191–1217.MathSciNetCrossRef T.N. Bailey, M.G. Eastwood, A. Rod Gover, Thomas’s structure bundle for conformal, projective and related structures, Rocky Mountain J. Math., 24 (1994), 1191–1217.MathSciNetCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat R.J. Baston, Almost Hermitian symmetric manifolds, I: Local twistor theory, II: Differential Invariants, Duke Math. J. 63 (1991), 81–111, 113–138.MathSciNetCrossRef R.J. Baston, Almost Hermitian symmetric manifolds, I: Local twistor theory, II: Differential Invariants, Duke Math. J. 63 (1991), 81–111, 113–138.MathSciNetCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat R.J. Baston, M.G. Eastwood, The Penrose Transform: Its Interaction with Representation Theory, Courier Dover Publications, (2nd edition, 2016), 256pp. R.J. Baston, M.G. Eastwood, The Penrose Transform: Its Interaction with Representation Theory, Courier Dover Publications, (2nd edition, 2016), 256pp.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat I.N. Bernstein, I.M. Gelfand, S.I. Gelfand, Differential operators on the base affine space and a study of g-modules, in “Lie Groups and their Representations” (ed. I.M. Gelfand) Adam Hilger 1975, 21–64. I.N. Bernstein, I.M. Gelfand, S.I. Gelfand, Differential operators on the base affine space and a study of g-modules, in “Lie Groups and their Representations” (ed. I.M. Gelfand) Adam Hilger 1975, 21–64.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat D.M.J. Calderbank, T. Diemer, Differential invariants and curved Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences. J. Reine Angew. Math. 537 (2001), 67–103.MathSciNetMATH D.M.J. Calderbank, T. Diemer, Differential invariants and curved Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences. J. Reine Angew. Math. 537 (2001), 67–103.MathSciNetMATH
6.
Zurück zum Zitat D.M.J. Calderbank, T. Diemer, V. Souček, Ricci-corrected derivatives and invariant differential operators, Diff. Geom. Appl. 23 (2005) 149–175.MathSciNetCrossRef D.M.J. Calderbank, T. Diemer, V. Souček, Ricci-corrected derivatives and invariant differential operators, Diff. Geom. Appl. 23 (2005) 149–175.MathSciNetCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Čap, A.R. Gover, Tractor calculi for parabolic geometries, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 354 (2002), no. 4, 1511–1548.MathSciNetCrossRef A. Čap, A.R. Gover, Tractor calculi for parabolic geometries, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 354 (2002), no. 4, 1511–1548.MathSciNetCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Čap, A. R. Gover, Matthias Hammerl, Normal BGG solutions and polynomials, Internat. J. Math. 23 (2012), no. 11, 1250117, 29 pp. A. Čap, A. R. Gover, Matthias Hammerl, Normal BGG solutions and polynomials, Internat. J. Math. 23 (2012), no. 11, 1250117, 29 pp.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Čap, J. Slovák, V. Souček, Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences, Annals of Mathematics, Princeton University: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, vol. 154, No 1, p. 97–113. (extended, more understandable version as ESI preprint No 722, see www.esi.ac.at). A. Čap, J. Slovák, V. Souček, Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences, Annals of Mathematics, Princeton University: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, vol. 154, No 1, p. 97–113. (extended, more understandable version as ESI preprint No 722, see www.​esi.​ac.​at).
11.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Čap, J. Slovák, Parabolic Geometries I, Background and General Theory, Providence, RI, USA: American Mathematical Society, 2009. 628 pp. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 154. A. Čap, J. Slovák, Parabolic Geometries I, Background and General Theory, Providence, RI, USA: American Mathematical Society, 2009. 628 pp. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 154.
12.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Curry, R. Gover, An introduction to conformal geometry and tractor calculus, with a view to applications in general relativity, arXiv:1412.7559v2, 74pp. S. Curry, R. Gover, An introduction to conformal geometry and tractor calculus, with a view to applications in general relativity, arXiv:1412.7559v2, 74pp.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat M.G. Eastwood, J. Slovák Semiholonomic Verma modules, Journal of Algebra, 1997, vol. 197, No 2, p. 424–448. M.G. Eastwood, J. Slovák Semiholonomic Verma modules, Journal of Algebra, 1997, vol. 197, No 2, p. 424–448.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat A.R. Gover, J. Slovák, Invariant local twistor calculus for quaternionic structures and related geometries, Journal of Geometry and Physics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1999, vol. 32, No 1, p. 14–56.MATH A.R. Gover, J. Slovák, Invariant local twistor calculus for quaternionic structures and related geometries, Journal of Geometry and Physics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1999, vol. 32, No 1, p. 14–56.MATH
15.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Hammerl, P. Somberg, V. Souček, J. Šilhan, Invariant prolongation of overdetermined PDEs in projective, conformal, and Grassmannian geometry, Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 42 (2012), no. 1, 121–145.MathSciNetCrossRef M. Hammerl, P. Somberg, V. Souček, J. Šilhan, Invariant prolongation of overdetermined PDEs in projective, conformal, and Grassmannian geometry, Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 42 (2012), no. 1, 121–145.MathSciNetCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Hammerl, P. Somberg, V. Souček, J. Šilhan, On a new normalization for tractor covariant derivatives, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 14 (2012), no. 6, 1859–1883.MathSciNetCrossRef M. Hammerl, P. Somberg, V. Souček, J. Šilhan, On a new normalization for tractor covariant derivatives, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 14 (2012), no. 6, 1859–1883.MathSciNetCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat I. Kolář, P.W. Michor, J. Slovák, Natural Operations in Differential Geometry, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993. 434 pp.CrossRef I. Kolář, P.W. Michor, J. Slovák, Natural Operations in Differential Geometry, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993. 434 pp.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertrand Kostant, Lie algebra cohomology and the generalized Borel-Weil theorem, Ann. of Math. 74 (1961) 329–387.MathSciNetCrossRef Bertrand Kostant, Lie algebra cohomology and the generalized Borel-Weil theorem, Ann. of Math. 74 (1961) 329–387.MathSciNetCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Lepowsky, A generalization of the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand resolution, J. of Algebra 49 (1977), 496–511.MathSciNetCrossRef J. Lepowsky, A generalization of the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand resolution, J. of Algebra 49 (1977), 496–511.MathSciNetCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat T.Y. Thomas, On conformal geometry. Proc. N.A.S. 12 (1926), 352–359. T.Y. Thomas, On conformal geometry. Proc. N.A.S. 12 (1926), 352–359.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat V. Wünsch, On Conformally Invariant Differential Operators, Mathematische Nachrichten, 129 (1986), 269–281.MathSciNetCrossRef V. Wünsch, On Conformally Invariant Differential Operators, Mathematische Nachrichten, 129 (1986), 269–281.MathSciNetCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat R. Zierau, Representations in Dolbeault Cohomology, in Representation Theory of Lie Groups edited by Jeffrey Adams, David Vogan, IAS/Park City Mathematics Series, American Math. Soc., vol. 8 (2015), 89–146. R. Zierau, Representations in Dolbeault Cohomology, in Representation Theory of Lie Groups edited by Jeffrey Adams, David Vogan, IAS/Park City Mathematics Series, American Math. Soc., vol. 8 (2015), 89–146.
Metadaten
Titel
Notes on Tractor Calculi
verfasst von
Jan Slovák
Radek Suchánek
Copyright-Jahr
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63253-3_2