Definition
Absolute gravimetry . Measurement of absolute value of gravity (free-fall) acceleration.
Introduction
Gravimetry in a broad sense includes science and practice of the measurement of those physical quantities which are manifestations of a gravity field. On a large scale, gravimetry includes the measurement of the gravity field of the Earth (or other planets) and, on a small scale, the measurement of the local gravity field in the laboratory and in the field. Gravimetry also includes studies of the methods and instruments for gravity measurement.
In a rotating coordinate system on the Earth, the gravity (or free-fall) acceleration g of the object is composed of the part g a due to gravitational attraction and of the centrifugal acceleration g c (see, e.g., Torge (1989))
The g a and g c are the first derivatives with respect to coordinate z of the gravitational potential V and centrifugal potential V c, respectively, in the local...
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Abbreviations
- ABG:
-
Absolute ballistic gravimeter
- BIPM:
-
International bureau of weight and measures (Bureau international des poids et mesures)
- FFA:
-
Free-fall acceleration
- IAG:
-
International association of geodesy
- ICAG:
-
International comparison of absolute gravimeters
- KCRV:
-
Key comparison reference value
- NMI:
-
National Metrology Institute
- SI:
-
International system of units
References and Reading
Boedecker, G., 2002. World gravity standards–status and future challenges. Metrologia, 39, 429–433.
Boulanger, Y. D., Arnautov, G. P., Scheglov, S. N., 1983. Results of comparison of absolute gravimeters. Sèvres. 1981. Bulletin Information, Bureau Gravimety International, 52, 99–124.
Crossley, D., Hinderer, J., Riccardi, U., 2013a. The measurement of surface gravity. Reports on Progress in Physics, 76, 046101, 47 pp.
Crossley, D., Vitushkin, L., Wilmes, H., 2013b. Global reference system for the determination of the Earth gravity field: from Potsdam system to Global Geodynamics Project and further to International System of Fundamental Absolute Gravity Stations, Transactions of Institute of Applied Astronomy, ISSN 2224–7440, St Petersburg, Vol. 27, pp. 333–339.
Forsberg, R., Sideris, M. G., and Shum, C. K., 2005. The gravity field and GGOS. Journal of Geodynamics, 40(4–5), 387–393.
Francis, O., Klein, G., Baumann, H., et al., 2013. The European Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters 2011 (ECAG-2011) in Walferdange, Luxembourg: results and recommendations. Metrologia, 50(3), 257–268.
Gillot, P., Francis, O., Landgragin, A., Pereira Dos Santos, F., and Merlet, S., 2014. Stability comparison of two absolute gravimeters: optical versus atomic interferometers. Metrologia, 51(5), L15–L17.
Graney, C. M., 2012. Anatomy of a fall: Giovanni Battista Riccioli and the story of g. Physics Today, 65, 36–40.
Jiang, Z., et al., 2011. Final report on the Seventh International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters (ICAG 2005). Metrologia, 48(5), 246–260.
Jiang, Z., et al., 2012. The 8th International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters 2009: the first key comparison (CCM.G-K1) in the field of absolute gravimetry. Metrologia, 49(6), 666–684.
Niebauer, T. M., Sasagawa, G. S., Faller, J. E., Hilt, R., and Klopping, E., 1995. A new generation of absolute gravimeters. Metrologia, 32(3), 159–180.
Peters, A., Chung, K. Y., and Chu, S., 2001. High-precision gravity measurements using atom interferometry. Metrologia, 38, 25–61.
Timmen, L., 2010. Absolute and relative gravimetry. In Xu, G. (ed.), Sciences of Geodesy. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer.
Torge, W., 1989, Gravimetry. Walter de Gruyter. Berlin, New York.
Torge, W., 1998. The changing role of gravity reference networks. IAG Symposium, 119, 1–10.
VIM – International vocabulary of metrology, 2008. Basic and general concepts and associated terms, JCGM, 2008 (see also: http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html).
Vitouchkine, A. L., and Faller, J. E., 2002. Measurement results with a small cam-driven absolute gravimeter. Metrologia, 39(5), 465–469.
Vitushkin, L. F., 2011. Measurement standards in gravimetry. Gyroscopy and Navigation, 2(3), 184–191.
Vitushkin, L. F., Orlov, O. A., Germak, A., and D’Agostino, G., 2012. Laser displacement interferometers with subnanometer resolution in absolute ballistic gravimeters. Measurement Techniques, 55(3), 221–228.
Wilmes, H., Richter, B., Falk, R., 2002. Absolute gravity measurements: a system by itself. In Gravity and Geoid. Publishing ZITI, Thessaloniki, Greece, pp. 441.
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Vitushkin, L.F. (2014). Absolute Gravity Measurements. In: Grafarend, E. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geodesy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_25-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_25-1
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Latest
Absolute Gravity Measurements- Published:
- 28 March 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_25-2
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Absolute Gravity Measurements- Published:
- 14 May 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_25-1