2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Constrained Verifiable Random Functions
verfasst von : Georg Fuchsbauer
Erschienen in: Security and Cryptography for Networks
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
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We extend the notion of verifiable random functions (VRF) to
constrained VRFs
, which generalize the concept of constrained pseudorandom functions, put forward by Boneh and Waters (Asiacrypt’13), and independently by Kiayias et al. (CCS’13) and Boyle et al. (PKC’14), who call them delegatable PRFs and functional PRFs, respectively. In a standard VRF the secret key
sk
allows one to evaluate a pseudorandom function at any point of its domain; in addition, it enables computation of a non-interactive proof that the function value was computed correctly. In a constrained VRF from the key
sk
one can derive constrained keys
sk
S
for subsets
S
of the domain, which allow computation of function values and proofs only at points in
S
.
After formally defining constrained VRFs, we derive instantiations from the multilinear-maps-based constrained PRFs by Boneh and Waters, yielding a VRF with constrained keys for any set that can be decided by a polynomial-size circuit. Our VRFs have the same function values as the Boneh-Waters PRFs and are proved secure under the same hardness assumption, showing that verifiability comes at no cost. Constrained (functional) VRFs were stated as an open problem by Boyle et al.