Definition
Critical decisions are an attempt to apply efficient modes of cognition and action to enable the organizations/individuals to cope with consequential environmental threats or take advantage of important opportunities in the presence of highly restricted time in turbulent situations of emergency.
Introduction
The markets and environment have, more and more, a growing dynamism that generates uncertainty, turbulence and in cases of emergencies, such as COVID-19 (Johnson and Scholes 1988; Emery and Trist 1965; Coccia 2020, 2020a, 2021, 2021a). In uncertain and unstable environments, organizations/nations are open systems having activities in interaction with external factors (McDermott and Taylor 1982; Gioia and Chittipeddi 1991; Coccia 2020a). Organizations/nations can confront...
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Coccia, M. (2020). Comparative Critical Decisions in Management. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3969-1
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