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2009 | Buch

The challenge of complexity Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Structural Complexity Management

An Approach for the Field of Product Design

verfasst von: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann, Dr.-Ing. Maik Maurer, Dr.-Ing. Thomas Braun

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Product design is characterized by a steady increase in complexity. The main focus of this book is a structural approach on complexity management. This means, system structures are considered in order to address the challenge of complexity in all aspects of product design. Structures arise from the complex dependencies of system elements. Thus, the identification of system structures provides access to the understanding of system behavior in practical applications.

The book presents a methodology that enables the analysis, control and optimization of complex structures, and the applicability of domain-spanning problems. The methodology allows significant improvements on handling system complexity by creating improved system understanding on the one hand and optimizing product design that is robust for system adaptations on the other hand. Developers can thereby enhance project coordination and improve communication between team members and as a result shorten development time. The practical application of the methodology is described by means of two detailed examples.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. The challenge of complexity
Abstract
The specific focus of this book is on a new procedure, complexity management, which examines system structures in order to address the challenge of complexity in all aspects of product design. Complexity management itself is a term that is frequently used in industrial application. The basic idea is introduced below.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
2. Complexity in the context of product design
Abstract
In the practice of product design, the efficient management of complexity has increasingly gained importance. This not only concerns technical components and their assembly into comprehensive products, but, in fact, in increasing the market, process and organizational complexity also directly affects any engineering challenges. As all of these aspects are related in practical applications, avoiding and reducing complexity in one aspect does not automatically result in optimum results in a comprehensive context. Rather specifically selected strategies of complexity management represent a crucial competitive factor for successful engineering in a complex environment.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
3. Methods for managing complex data in product design
Abstract
Several methodologies for the management of complex engineering data exist within the scope of product design. A short overview of the relevant research disciplines occupied with these methodologies will be presented. The application of graph theory for solving complex problems will be introduced. This theory provides important possibilities of representation and computation in complex networks. Additionally, the multitude of matrix-based approaches is given close consideration, as those approaches to complexity management are widely applied. These matrix-based approaches are classified in four groups that differ in the number of element types involved.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
4. The procedure of structural complexity management
Abstract
The consideration of complexity in product design shows that managing complex structural dependencies represents both a major challenge and a success factor for enterprises. Complexity not only appears in specific sections of product design, but it is also a concomitant feature throughout the entire process in all relevant process domains and their linkages. Methods applied to complexity management generally focus on specific development tasks (e.g., identification of conflicting requirements) or particular objectives (e.g., product modularization).
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
5. Modeling the Multiple-Domain Matrix
Abstract
In order to solve a problem resulting from structural complexity, the scope and implied aspects of the system model in question must be clearly defined. This means that system domains, the level of detail of the elements, and the meaning of the dependencies considered must be determined. Based on this, the requirements for the subsequent step of information acquisition can then be derived. A clear system definition is necessary for the visual and computational model representation and is indispensable for the application of analysis methods.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
6. Information acquisition
Abstract
The system definition by means of the Multiple-Domain Matrix (MDM), which was detailed in the previous chapter, provides the basis for the identification of elements and dependencies within the complex system in question. Generally, two different possibilities exist for capturing this information: If existing data sets can be used for an automatized acquisition of elements and dependencies, less effort is required than in cases where dependency information is only available from the experience or implicit knowledge of developers. Typically, extraction of information that has not yet been documented requires time-consuming interviews.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
7. Deduction of indirect dependencies
Abstract
Often information required for problem solving is not directly available for a complex system. This can be explained by considering the development department of a company: A possible question might address the ways in which developers depend on each other because of their design tasks. This information may be difficult to acquire directly. The objective network required for answering the question represents the dependencies connecting the developers. However, in information acquisition (see Chapter 6) this network is difficult to create if the focus is only on developers and their mutual dependencies.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
8. Structure analysis
Abstract
In Chapters 5, 6 and 7 fundamental requirements for the analysis of complex system structures were discussed. Starting with the appropriate system definition, promising procedures for information acquisition and representation were presented. Subsequently the deduction of indirect dependencies was introduced. Once structural information about a specifically required system subset is on hand, possibilities of analysis serve to identify structural attributes. These comprise part of almost all systems and form comprehensive system behavior or characteristics.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
9. Product design application
Abstract
Following the explanations in Chapter 8, the application of basic analysis criteria to intra-domain networks helps identify structured constellations and provides knowledge about structural characteristics. This can help users improve system understanding and predict system behavior. Changes to a system can also be better planned, because probable change propagations become visible. Practical measures of system structures need to consider provided analysis criteria in combination, as the isolated application of a single criterion can be misleading in the interpretation.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
10. Use case: Automotive safety development
Abstract
As depicted in Chapter 4, one can distinguish between handling problems and design problems, though these two types of problems can not always be clearly separated. In the use case presented here, the underlying problem can be described primarily as a handling problem resulting from the system’s complexity.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
11. Use case: Development of high pressure pumps
Abstract
This use case illustrating the development of high pressure pumps described in this chapter focuses on the topic of solving a design problem and creating an improved system design. The aim was to optimize existing product structures of various current pump concepts. The optimization of the pump concepts was implemented from the beginning with a fixed target, namely, modularization. The background motivation was improved integration of the optimized concepts in a modular design concept. The optimization potentials developed then had to be incorporated into the creation of a new generation of pumps.
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
Literature
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
Appendix
Udo Lindemann, Maik Maurer, Thomas Braun
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Structural Complexity Management
verfasst von
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann
Dr.-Ing. Maik Maurer
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Braun
Copyright-Jahr
2009
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-540-87889-6
Print ISBN
978-3-540-87888-9
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87889-6

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