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2012 | Buch

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Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Illustrating the Concepts Using an SAP® APO Case Study

verfasst von: Hartmut Stadtler, Bernhard Fleischmann, Martin Grunow, Herbert Meyr, Christopher Sürie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Management for Professionals

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Advanced Planning Systems (APS) are a key enabler of the supply chain management. However, APS are highly complex and difficult to comprehend. This book provides students with valuable insights into the capabilities of state-of-the-art APS and bridges the gap between theory (model building and solution algorithms), software implementation, and adaptation to a specific business case. Our business case – named Frutado – provides a unifying framework for illustrating the different planning tasks that arise in a company – from demand planning to the distribution of goods – that are addressed by APS. In addition, the book guides through interactive learning units which have been created and recorded for each module of SAP´s APS. Learning units can be downloaded free of charge ready to be displayed in a web browser. Together, the textbook and the learning units provide the required skills to better understand the concepts, models, and algorithms underlying today´s APS.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 0. Introduction

Abstract

This chapter provides a motivation for reading and studying our book, introduces the structure of the accompanying learning units and finally presents an overview of chapters.

Hartmut Stadtler, Christopher Haub

The Frutado Case and Foundations of Advanced Planning

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. The Frutado Case

Abstract

The fictitious company Frutado has been designed in a master thesis (Lebreton 2001) at the University of Augsburg. The Frutado case was derived from a real case and has been used many times for teaching and research (see for instance Mauch 2010).

Bernhard Fleischmann

Chapter 2. Hierarchical Planning and the Supply Chain Planning Matrix

Abstract

In Section 2.1 we will introduce the principles of hierarchical planning the architecture of today’s APS. Rolling schedules follow in Section 2.2. In Section 2.3 an overview of the various planning tasks occurring in a supply chain is presented. These tasks can be structured and visualized in the Supply Chain Planning Matrix. Finally (Section 2.4), the concept of the hierarchical planning system designed for the Frutado company will be outlined.

Hartmut Stadtler, Bernhard Fleischmann

Chapter 3. SAP® APO - Module Matrix and General Principles

Abstract

This chapter provides an introduction into SAP® Advanced Planning & Optimzation (SAP APO). First, SAP® APO is put in the context of the SAP software portfolio and its modules are characterized. Second, the data ows within the software are described, both from a technical as well as a process-related point of view. Thereafter, the concept of models and versions is described as well as the most important master data elements, that will be used throughout this book. Di erent types of transactional data are described as well, and an overview of the user interface is given. For more details on SAP® APO the reader is referred to a comprehensive documentation of SAP® APO which can be found at http://help.sap.com (SAP 2011). This website provides documentation on any SAP software in various languages. SAP® APO can be found as part of the SAP Business Suite → SAP Supply Chain Management.

Christopher Sürie

Planning the Frutado Case with SAP® APO Modules

Frontmatter

Chapter 4. Demand Planning (DP)

Abstract

“I know that I know nothing” is a popular saying that is attributed to the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates and his student Plato. This could also be seen as an early device for Demand Planning (DP).

Herbert Meyr

Chapter 5. Master Planning - Supply Network Planning

Abstract

There are a number of decisions which have to be made in the medium-term because these have to be prepared some weeks in advance (like an additional shift on Saturdays which has to be agreed to by worker’s representatives) or take some time to become e ective (like building up seasonal stocks). Another reason for placing decisions at the medium-term planning level (instead of short-term) is the scope of consequences. As an example consider a manufacturer with several production sites with similar capabilities. Decisions regarding the allocation of production quantities to sites and directives which site will serve which market will have consequences on the profitability of each site and should be made centrally. Note that short-term production planning and scheduling is often done decentrally.

Hartmut Stadtler

Chapter 6. Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS)

Abstract

The module Production Planning/Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS) of SAP® APO is concerned with lot-sizing decisions at the production planning level and subsequently with sequencing and timing of these lot sizes on respective resources at the detailed scheduling level.

Hartmut Stadtler, Christopher Sürie

Chapter 7. Global Available-to-Promise (global ATP)

Abstract

The previously described modules concern planning activities for the supply chain without knowing actual customer orders. The following chapter rather deals with executing the fulfillment of known customer orders.

Bernhard Fleischmann, Sebastian Geier

Chapter 8. Deployment

Abstract

This chapter discusses how to develop a detailed distribution plan (deployment plan) to appropriately fill confirmed sales orders and how to replenish inventories at warehouses or distribution centers (DCs) in anticipation of their future demand. In Section 8.1, the deployment problem is discussed. A basic variant of this problem is explained, and a general framework is developed which classifies di erent extensions. Section 8.2 discusses the planning tasks and data relevant for solving the deployment problem for the Frutado company. The LP formulation of the deployment problem for the Frutado company is presented and explained in Section 8.3. Section 8.4 outlines the implementation procedure of this deployment planning problem in SAP APO and introduces the potential solution methods that can be selected to solve the problem. The learning units for deployment planning are discussed in Section 8.5.

Martin Grunow, Poorya Farahani

Chapter 9. Transportation Planning/Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS)

Abstract

There are large potentials for cost savings in optimizing transportation operations in supply chains. Besides the financial importance, transportation processes have significant impact on service quality especially in industries where short delivery times and high service reliability are important features. In this regard, using optimization packages, which rely on optimization methods for solving planning problems, are instrumental. In the food industry for example there are typically few plants supplying large amount of geographically dispersed customers and consequently the expenses related to distribution activities are very large. An efficient distribution system is therefore vital in food distribution, not only to minimize the costs but also to make sure that the customers receive high-quality products.

Martin Grunow, Bryndís Stefánsdóttir

Part 3

Chapter 10. Final Remarks

Abstract

This chapter comprises two sections. First, we will discuss issues related to the implementation (strategies) of an APS. Second, we will point out the strengths and limitations of (current) APS.

Hartmut Stadtler

Backmatter

Titel: Advanced Planning in Supply Chains
verfasst von: Hartmut Stadtler
Bernhard Fleischmann
Martin Grunow
Herbert Meyr
Christopher Sürie
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-24215-1
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-24214-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24215-1