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Carbon Sequestration

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Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops

Abstract

With the rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) threatening to alter global climate, carbon sequestration in plants has been proposed as a possible moderator or solution to the problem. This chapter examines the different mechanisms through which carbon sequestration can take place within the Earth’s natural carbon cycle with special focus on events surrounding plant development. Unfortunately, endeavors that have purposefully and successfully altered plant traits to improve carbon sequestration are currently quite few. Consequently, we delve deeply into the specific biological processes that allow plants to capture, allocate, and store CO2 long term in the form of both above-ground and below-ground biomass. Distinctions are made between the differing molecular mechanisms of C3, C4, and CAM plants, and we point out the importance of mycorrhizal and other soil community level interactions as an important reminder that healthy soils are required for the uptake of nutrients needed for efficient carbon sequestration. We suggest that, due the complexity of the biological interactions, modeling approaches designed to network multiple types of data input may provide the best means for generating more useful hypotheses that can target specific traits for improved carbon sequestration.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Science, 302L Shelby Center for Science and Technology, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA

    Leland J. Cseke

  2. Environmental Sciences Division, Climate Change Science Institute (CCSI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 2040, Room E212, MS 6301, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA

    Stan D. Wullschleger

  3. Department of Biological Science, 302J Shelby Center for Science and Technology, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA

    Avinash Sreedasyam & Geetika Trivedi

  4. Biosciences Division, Argonne National Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave., Lemont, IL, 60439, USA

    Peter E. Larsen & Frank R. Collart

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  1. Leland J. Cseke
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Correspondence to Leland J. Cseke .

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  1. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BC, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Cseke, L.J., Wullschleger, S.D., Sreedasyam, A., Trivedi, G., Larsen, P.E., Collart, F.R. (2013). Carbon Sequestration. In: Kole, C. (eds) Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37048-9_12

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