Trees

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 1-3

3. The Absolute Minimum of Mechanical Knowledge

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 3-8

4. How the Tree Minimizes Its External Loading

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 9-11

5. Even Load Distribution: The Hypothesis of Constant Stress on the Surface

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 12-16

6. Mechanical Classification of Adaptive Growth

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 16-20

7. Case Studies

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 20-115

8. Conclusions

   • Gerhard Claus Mattheck

   Pages 116-117

9. Back Matter

   Pages 118-121

   PDF

The beauty of a knotty oak tree is different from that of a lovely flower. It is the rough beauty of an old soldier's face showing the traces of wind and sun, of harm and of victory, bearing the scars of bygone battles. It is different from the fragile, delicate beauty of a young girl which is evident to anyone at first sight. The beauty of an old and crippled tree is hidden unless perceived by the alert eye which is able to fancy or rather discern the hard trials of life the tree has ex­ perienced. Contemplating trees in this way is not much different from busying oneself with physiognomies, i.e. with the art of judging character from the features of the human face. Physiognomies is often considered a dubious science, but is prac­ ticed every day in human communication by everybody from early childhood to old age. Although we all are able to discern the angrily furrowed brow, the laughing crow's-feet below the eyes, the arrogant harsh lines around the nose, the hard narrow mouth, the gluttonous lip, and the secret eye of the silent ob­ server, we would never admit to rely on such seemingly doubtful methods.

• Adaptives
• Baummechanik
• Baumphysiologie
• Gestaltoptimierung
• Growth,Adaptive
• Holztechnik
• Pflanzenwachstum
• Self-Repare
• Tree Mechanics
• Wachstum
• growth
• physiology
• plant growth
• plants
• tree

• Institut für Materialforschung II, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany

  Gerhard Claus Mattheck

Policies and ethics